اشتلم

See also: أستلم and استلم

Mazanderani

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian (compare Manichaean Middle Persian ʿštyrg (išterag, “lancet”)).

Noun

اشتلم (eštelem)

1. pitchfork

Persian

Alternative forms

• شُتُلُم (šutulum)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔuʃ.tu.ˈlum], [ʔiʃ.tu.ˈlum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔʊʃ.t̪ʰʊ.lʊ́m]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔʊʃ.t̪ʰʊ.lʊ́m]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔʊʃ.t̪ʰʊ.lʊ́m]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔuʃ.t̪ʰu.lúm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔoʃ.t̪ʰo.lóm], [ʔeʃ.t̪ʰo.lóm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔuʃ.t̪ʰu.lúm]

Readings
Classical reading?	uštulum, ištulum
Dari reading?	uštulum
Iranian reading?	oštolom, eštolom
Tajik reading?	uštulum

Noun

اشتلم • (uštulum／oštolom)

1. violence
2. oppression, force

Derived terms

• اشتلم آوردن (uštulum āwardan／oštolom âvardan)
• اشتلم کردن (uštulum kardan／oštolom kardan)

 

Further reading

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اشتلم”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “اشتلم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “اشتلم”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 63
• Vullers, Johann August (1855) “اشتلم”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 103a
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “شتلم”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 413a