برهان

Arabic

Etymology

• From the root ب ر ه ن (b-r-h-n), interrelated or derived from the roots ب ر ه (b-r-h) meaning "to make white", "to clear up", "to restore to a state of youth or innocence" and ب ر ء (b-r-ʔ) meaning "to be free from wrong", "to be absolved from wrongdoing", "to be without blame", "to be innocent".
• From Ge'ez ብርሃን (bərhan, “light, brightness”), from በርሀ (bärhä, “to be bright, to be clear”).
• From Old South Arabian 𐩨𐩧𐩠𐩬 (brhn, “testimony”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bur.haːn/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

بُرْهَان • (burhān) m (dual بُرْهَانَانِ (burhānāni), plural بَرَاهِين (barāhīn))

1. proof, evidence
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:111:

     هَاتُوا بُرْهَانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ

     hātū burhānakum ʔin kuntum ṣādiqīna

     Give your proof, if you are truthful.

2. a demonstration

Declension

Declension of noun بُرْهَان (burhān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرْهَان burhān	الْبُرْهَان al-burhān	بُرْهَان burhān
Nominative	بُرْهَانٌ burhānun	الْبُرْهَانُ al-burhānu	بُرْهَانُ burhānu
Accusative	بُرْهَانًا burhānan	الْبُرْهَانَ al-burhāna	بُرْهَانَ burhāna
Genitive	بُرْهَانٍ burhānin	الْبُرْهَانِ al-burhāni	بُرْهَانِ burhāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُرْهَانَيْن burhānayn	الْبُرْهَانَيْن al-burhānayn	بُرْهَانَيْ burhānay
Nominative	بُرْهَانَانِ burhānāni	الْبُرْهَانَانِ al-burhānāni	بُرْهَانَا burhānā
Accusative	بُرْهَانَيْنِ burhānayni	الْبُرْهَانَيْنِ al-burhānayni	بُرْهَانَيْ burhānay
Genitive	بُرْهَانَيْنِ burhānayni	الْبُرْهَانَيْنِ al-burhānayni	بُرْهَانَيْ burhānay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَرَاهِين barāhīn	الْبَرَاهِين al-barāhīn	بَرَاهِين barāhīn
Nominative	بَرَاهِينُ barāhīnu	الْبَرَاهِينُ al-barāhīnu	بَرَاهِينُ barāhīnu
Accusative	بَرَاهِينَ barāhīna	الْبَرَاهِينَ al-barāhīna	بَرَاهِينَ barāhīna
Genitive	بَرَاهِينَ barāhīna	الْبَرَاهِينِ al-barāhīni	بَرَاهِينِ barāhīni

Proper noun

بُرْهَان • (burhān) m

1. a male given name, Burhan
2. an epithet of the Islamic prophet Muhammad

Declension

Declension of noun بُرْهَان (burhān)

Singular	basic singular diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	بُرْهَان burhān	—
Nominative	—	بُرْهَانُ burhānu	—
Accusative	—	بُرْهَانَ burhāna	—
Genitive	—	بُرْهَانَ burhāna	—

Related terms

• بَرْهَنَ (barhana)
• بَرِئَ (bariʔa)

References

• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 77–78
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “برهان”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate; pages 196-197 for "بره" & "برهن", pages 178-180 for "برأ".
• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 103–104
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[2] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 58–59