بوستان

See also: توستان

Arabic

Noun

بُوسْتَانِ • (būstāni)

1. nominative dual of بُوسْت (būst, “a post on the internet”)

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• بوصتان (bostan)
• պօսթան (bostan) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

From Classical Persian بوستان (bōstān).

Noun

بوستان • (bostan)

1. garden; garden patch, garden bed

Derived terms

• بوستانجی (bostancı, “gardener”)

Descendants

• Turkish: bostan
• → Albanian: bostan
• → Aromanian: bustane
• → Bulgarian: боста́н (bostán)
• → Byzantine Greek: μποστάνι (mpostáni)
  • Greek: μποστάνι (bostáni)
• → Crimean Tatar: bostan
• → Ladino: bostan, bustan
• → Macedonian: бостан (bostan)
• → Romanian: bostan, bostană
• → Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic script: бо̀стан
  • Latin script: bòstan

References

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “بوستان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[1], Vienna, column 923

Persian

Alternative forms

• بستان (bostân)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bwdstʾn'), 𐫁𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫗 (bwystʾn), 𐫁𐫇𐫏𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫗 (bwyystʾn /⁠bōyestān⁠/, “(flower) garden”). By surface analysis, بو (bô, “fragrance”) +‎ ـسْتان (-stân, “place of”).

Cognate with Parthian 𐫁𐫇𐫅𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫗 (bwdystʾn /⁠bōδestān⁠/), Sogdian [script needed] (βōδistān, “garden”) and Iranian borrowings Aramaic בּוּסְתְּנָא (būstenā), Classical Syriac ܒܘܣܬܢܐ (būstānā), Old Armenian բուրաստան (burastan).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /boːs.ˈtaːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [boːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [boːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [boːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bʊːs.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [buːs.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɵs.t̪ʰɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	bōstān
Dari reading?	bōstān
Iranian reading?	bustân
Tajik reading?	büston

Noun

بوستان • (bōstān / bustân) (plural بوستان‌ها (bōstān-hā / bustân-hâ), Tajik spelling бӯстон)

1. garden

Derived terms

• بوستانبان (bôstânbân)
• بوستانی (bôstâni)

Descendants

• → Arabic: بُسْتَان (bustān)
  • → Shehri: məstún
  • → Swahili: bustani
• → Azerbaijani: bostan
• → Bashkir: бостан (bostan)
• → Chagatai: بوستان (bwstān)
  • Uyghur: بوستان (bostan)
  • Uzbek: boʻston
• → Georgian: ბოსტანი (bosṭani)
• → Gujarati: બોસ્તાન (bostān)
• → Hebrew: בֻּסְתָּן (bustān)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: बोस्तान (bostān)

  Urdu: بوسْتان (bostān)

• → Malay: bustan
  • Indonesian: bustan
• → Middle Armenian: պօստան (pōstan)
  • Armenian: բոստան (bostan)
• → Northern Kurdish: bostan
• → Ottoman Turkish: بوستان (bostân), بوصتان (bostan), պօսթան (bostan) — Armeno-Turkish
  • Turkish: bostan
  • → Albanian: bostan
  • → Aromanian: bustane
  • → Bulgarian: боста́н (bostán)
  • → Byzantine Greek: μποστάνι (mpostáni)
    • Greek: μποστάνι (bostáni)
  • → Crimean Tatar: bostan
  • → Ladino: bostan, bustan
  • → Macedonian: бостан (bostan)
  • → Romanian: bostan, bostană
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: бо̀стан
    • Latin script: bòstan
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਬੋਸਤਾਨ (bostān)

  Shahmukhi script: بوسْتان (bostān)

• → Russian: башта́н (baštán)
• → Turkmen: bossan
• → Ukrainian: башта́н (baštán)

References

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971), “բոյր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 471
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “bōyestān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بوسْتَان (bōstān).

Noun

بوسْتان • (bostān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੋਸਤਾਨ or ਬੋਸਤਾਂ)

1. garden

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “بوستان”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بوسْتَان (bōstān). By surface analysis, بو (bo, “fragrance”) +‎ ـسْتان (-stān, “place of”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /boːs.t̪ɑːn/

Noun

بوسْتان • (bostān) m (Hindi spelling बोस्तान)

1. garden

Further reading

• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024), “بوستان”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]
• “بوستان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
• “بوستان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

Uyghur

Other scripts
Perso-Arabic	بوستان
Latin	‍bostan‍
Cyrillic	бостан

Etymology

From Chagatai بوستان (bwstān), from Classical Persian بوستان (bōstān).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bostɑn/

Noun

بوستان • (bostan) (plural بوستانلار (bostanlar))

1. grove, garden, oasis

Further reading

• Schwarz, Henry G. (1992), An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN