جلاد

Arabic

Etymology

Occupational noun from the root ج ل د (j l d).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒal.laːd/

Noun

جَلَّاد • (jallād) m (plural جَلَّادُون (jallādūn))

1. whipper, lasher
2. executioner, headsman, torturer
3. a person who treats others harshly
4. leather merchant, skinner

Declension

Declension of noun جَلَّاد (jallād)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	جَلَّاد jallād	الْجَلَّاد al-jallād	جَلَّاد jallād
nominative	جَلَّادٌ jallādun	الْجَلَّادُ al-jallādu	جَلَّادُ jallādu
accusative	جَلَّادًا jallādan	الْجَلَّادَ al-jallāda	جَلَّادَ jallāda
genitive	جَلَّادٍ jallādin	الْجَلَّادِ al-jallādi	جَلَّادِ jallādi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	جَلَّادَيْن jallādayn	الْجَلَّادَيْن al-jallādayn	جَلَّادَيْ jallāday
nominative	جَلَّادَانِ jallādāni	الْجَلَّادَانِ al-jallādāni	جَلَّادَا jallādā
accusative	جَلَّادَيْنِ jallādayni	الْجَلَّادَيْنِ al-jallādayni	جَلَّادَيْ jallāday
genitive	جَلَّادَيْنِ jallādayni	الْجَلَّادَيْنِ al-jallādayni	جَلَّادَيْ jallāday
plural	sound masculine plural
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	جَلَّادِين jallādīn	الْجَلَّادِين al-jallādīn	جَلَّادِي jallādī
nominative	جَلَّادُونَ jallādūna	الْجَلَّادُونَ al-jallādūna	جَلَّادُو jallādū
accusative	جَلَّادِينَ jallādīna	الْجَلَّادِينَ al-jallādīna	جَلَّادِي jallādī
genitive	جَلَّادِينَ jallādīna	الْجَلَّادِينَ al-jallādīna	جَلَّادِي jallādī

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: cəllad
• → Ottoman Turkish: جلاد (cellat)
  • Turkish: cellat
  • → Albanian: xhelat
  • → Armenian: ճելլատ (čellat), ջալադ (ǰalad), ջալլաթ (ǰallatʻ)
  • → Aromanian: gilat, gileat
  • → Bulgarian: джела́т (dželát), джела́тин (dželátin)
  • → Georgian: ჯალათი (ǯalati)
  • → Greek: τζελάτης (tzelátis), τσελάτης (tselátis) (obsolete)
  • → Macedonian: џелат (dželat), џелатин (dželatin)
  • → Romanian: gealat
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: џѐла̄т

    Latin script: džèlāt

• → Persian: جلاد (jallâd)

Ottoman Turkish

جلاد

Etymology

From Arabic جَلَّاد (jallād).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒeˈlːɑt/

Noun

جلاد • (cellat)

1. executioner, headsman

Descendants

• Turkish: cellat
• → Albanian: xhelat
• → Armenian: ճելլատ (čellat), ջալադ (ǰalad), ջալլաթ (ǰallatʻ)
• → Aromanian: gilat, gileat
• → Bulgarian: джела́т (dželát), джела́тин (dželátin)
• → Georgian: ჯალათი (ǯalati)
• → Greek: τζελάτης (tzelátis), τσελάτης (tselátis) (obsolete)
• → Macedonian: џелат (dželat), џелатин (dželatin)
• → Romanian: gealat
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: џѐла̄т

  Latin script: džèlāt

References

• Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007), “783. GILÁT”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎^[1], put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 131

Persian

جلاد

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic جَلَّاد (jallād).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒal.ˈlaːd/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäl.lɑ́ːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäl.lɑ́ːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäl.lɑ́ːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäl.lɔ́ːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒæl.lɒ́ːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäl.lɔ́d̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	jallād
Dari reading?	jallād
Iranian reading?	jallâd
Tajik reading?	jallod

Noun

جلاد • (jallâd) (plural جلادان)

1. executioner, headsman

   Synonym: دژخیم (dežxim)

2. (figurative) a merciless person, a violent person