زعل

Arabic

Root
ز ع ل (z-ʕ-l)

Verb

زَعِلَ • (zaʕila) I, non-past يَزْعَلُ‎ (yazʕalu)

1. (obsolete) to prance, to leap, to spring
2. (obsolete) to exult, to become lively, to become brisk, to behave agilely
3. (informal) to be miffed, to be mad, to be surly, to huff

Conjugation

Conjugation of

زَعِلَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun زَعَل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						زَعَل zaʕal
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						زَاعِل zāʕil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَزْعُول mazʕūl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَعِلْتُ zaʕiltu	زَعِلْتَ zaʕilta	زَعِلَ zaʕila		زَعِلْتُمَا zaʕiltumā	زَعِلَا zaʕilā		زَعِلْنَا zaʕilnā	زَعِلْتُمْ zaʕiltum	زَعِلُوا zaʕilū
	f		زَعِلْتِ zaʕilti	زَعِلَتْ zaʕilat			زَعِلَتَا zaʕilatā			زَعِلْتُنَّ zaʕiltunna	زَعِلْنَ zaʕilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزْعَلُ ʔazʕalu	تَزْعَلُ tazʕalu	يَزْعَلُ yazʕalu		تَزْعَلَانِ tazʕalāni	يَزْعَلَانِ yazʕalāni		نَزْعَلُ nazʕalu	تَزْعَلُونَ tazʕalūna	يَزْعَلُونَ yazʕalūna
	f		تَزْعَلِينَ tazʕalīna	تَزْعَلُ tazʕalu			تَزْعَلَانِ tazʕalāni			تَزْعَلْنَ tazʕalna	يَزْعَلْنَ yazʕalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزْعَلَ ʔazʕala	تَزْعَلَ tazʕala	يَزْعَلَ yazʕala		تَزْعَلَا tazʕalā	يَزْعَلَا yazʕalā		نَزْعَلَ nazʕala	تَزْعَلُوا tazʕalū	يَزْعَلُوا yazʕalū
	f		تَزْعَلِي tazʕalī	تَزْعَلَ tazʕala			تَزْعَلَا tazʕalā			تَزْعَلْنَ tazʕalna	يَزْعَلْنَ yazʕalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزْعَلْ ʔazʕal	تَزْعَلْ tazʕal	يَزْعَلْ yazʕal		تَزْعَلَا tazʕalā	يَزْعَلَا yazʕalā		نَزْعَلْ nazʕal	تَزْعَلُوا tazʕalū	يَزْعَلُوا yazʕalū
	f		تَزْعَلِي tazʕalī	تَزْعَلْ tazʕal			تَزْعَلَا tazʕalā			تَزْعَلْنَ tazʕalna	يَزْعَلْنَ yazʕalna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِزْعَلْ izʕal			اِزْعَلَا izʕalā				اِزْعَلُوا izʕalū
	f		اِزْعَلِي izʕalī							اِزْعَلْنَ izʕalna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	زُعِلَ zuʕila		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُزْعَلُ yuzʕalu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُزْعَلَ yuzʕala		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُزْعَلْ yuzʕal		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Verb

زَعَّلَ • (zaʕʕala) II, non-past يُزَعِّلُ‎ (yuzaʕʕilu)

1. (informal) to madden, to make surly

Conjugation

Conjugation of

زَعَّلَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَزْعِيل tazʕīl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُزَعِّل muzaʕʕil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُزَعَّل muzaʕʕal
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَعَّلْتُ zaʕʕaltu	زَعَّلْتَ zaʕʕalta	زَعَّلَ zaʕʕala		زَعَّلْتُمَا zaʕʕaltumā	زَعَّلَا zaʕʕalā		زَعَّلْنَا zaʕʕalnā	زَعَّلْتُمْ zaʕʕaltum	زَعَّلُوا zaʕʕalū
	f		زَعَّلْتِ zaʕʕalti	زَعَّلَتْ zaʕʕalat			زَعَّلَتَا zaʕʕalatā			زَعَّلْتُنَّ zaʕʕaltunna	زَعَّلْنَ zaʕʕalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَعِّلُ ʔuzaʕʕilu	تُزَعِّلُ tuzaʕʕilu	يُزَعِّلُ yuzaʕʕilu		تُزَعِّلَانِ tuzaʕʕilāni	يُزَعِّلَانِ yuzaʕʕilāni		نُزَعِّلُ nuzaʕʕilu	تُزَعِّلُونَ tuzaʕʕilūna	يُزَعِّلُونَ yuzaʕʕilūna
	f		تُزَعِّلِينَ tuzaʕʕilīna	تُزَعِّلُ tuzaʕʕilu			تُزَعِّلَانِ tuzaʕʕilāni			تُزَعِّلْنَ tuzaʕʕilna	يُزَعِّلْنَ yuzaʕʕilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَعِّلَ ʔuzaʕʕila	تُزَعِّلَ tuzaʕʕila	يُزَعِّلَ yuzaʕʕila		تُزَعِّلَا tuzaʕʕilā	يُزَعِّلَا yuzaʕʕilā		نُزَعِّلَ nuzaʕʕila	تُزَعِّلُوا tuzaʕʕilū	يُزَعِّلُوا yuzaʕʕilū
	f		تُزَعِّلِي tuzaʕʕilī	تُزَعِّلَ tuzaʕʕila			تُزَعِّلَا tuzaʕʕilā			تُزَعِّلْنَ tuzaʕʕilna	يُزَعِّلْنَ yuzaʕʕilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَعِّلْ ʔuzaʕʕil	تُزَعِّلْ tuzaʕʕil	يُزَعِّلْ yuzaʕʕil		تُزَعِّلَا tuzaʕʕilā	يُزَعِّلَا yuzaʕʕilā		نُزَعِّلْ nuzaʕʕil	تُزَعِّلُوا tuzaʕʕilū	يُزَعِّلُوا yuzaʕʕilū
	f		تُزَعِّلِي tuzaʕʕilī	تُزَعِّلْ tuzaʕʕil			تُزَعِّلَا tuzaʕʕilā			تُزَعِّلْنَ tuzaʕʕilna	يُزَعِّلْنَ yuzaʕʕilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زَعِّلْ zaʕʕil			زَعِّلَا zaʕʕilā				زَعِّلُوا zaʕʕilū
	f		زَعِّلِي zaʕʕilī							زَعِّلْنَ zaʕʕilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُعِّلْتُ zuʕʕiltu	زُعِّلْتَ zuʕʕilta	زُعِّلَ zuʕʕila		زُعِّلْتُمَا zuʕʕiltumā	زُعِّلَا zuʕʕilā		زُعِّلْنَا zuʕʕilnā	زُعِّلْتُمْ zuʕʕiltum	زُعِّلُوا zuʕʕilū
	f		زُعِّلْتِ zuʕʕilti	زُعِّلَتْ zuʕʕilat			زُعِّلَتَا zuʕʕilatā			زُعِّلْتُنَّ zuʕʕiltunna	زُعِّلْنَ zuʕʕilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَعَّلُ ʔuzaʕʕalu	تُزَعَّلُ tuzaʕʕalu	يُزَعَّلُ yuzaʕʕalu		تُزَعَّلَانِ tuzaʕʕalāni	يُزَعَّلَانِ yuzaʕʕalāni		نُزَعَّلُ nuzaʕʕalu	تُزَعَّلُونَ tuzaʕʕalūna	يُزَعَّلُونَ yuzaʕʕalūna
	f		تُزَعَّلِينَ tuzaʕʕalīna	تُزَعَّلُ tuzaʕʕalu			تُزَعَّلَانِ tuzaʕʕalāni			تُزَعَّلْنَ tuzaʕʕalna	يُزَعَّلْنَ yuzaʕʕalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَعَّلَ ʔuzaʕʕala	تُزَعَّلَ tuzaʕʕala	يُزَعَّلَ yuzaʕʕala		تُزَعَّلَا tuzaʕʕalā	يُزَعَّلَا yuzaʕʕalā		نُزَعَّلَ nuzaʕʕala	تُزَعَّلُوا tuzaʕʕalū	يُزَعَّلُوا yuzaʕʕalū
	f		تُزَعَّلِي tuzaʕʕalī	تُزَعَّلَ tuzaʕʕala			تُزَعَّلَا tuzaʕʕalā			تُزَعَّلْنَ tuzaʕʕalna	يُزَعَّلْنَ yuzaʕʕalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَعَّلْ ʔuzaʕʕal	تُزَعَّلْ tuzaʕʕal	يُزَعَّلْ yuzaʕʕal		تُزَعَّلَا tuzaʕʕalā	يُزَعَّلَا yuzaʕʕalā		نُزَعَّلْ nuzaʕʕal	تُزَعَّلُوا tuzaʕʕalū	يُزَعَّلُوا yuzaʕʕalū
	f		تُزَعَّلِي tuzaʕʕalī	تُزَعَّلْ tuzaʕʕal			تُزَعَّلَا tuzaʕʕalā			تُزَعَّلْنَ tuzaʕʕalna	يُزَعَّلْنَ yuzaʕʕalna

Noun

زَعَل • (zaʕal) m

1. verbal noun of زَعِلَ (zaʕila) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun زَعَل (zaʕal)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَعَل zaʕal	الزَّعَل az-zaʕal	زَعَل zaʕal
Nominative	زَعَلٌ zaʕalun	الزَّعَلُ az-zaʕalu	زَعَلُ zaʕalu
Accusative	زَعَلًا zaʕalan	الزَّعَلَ az-zaʕala	زَعَلَ zaʕala
Genitive	زَعَلٍ zaʕalin	الزَّعَلِ az-zaʕali	زَعَلِ zaʕali

Adjective

زَعِل • (zaʕil)

1. (obsolete) lively, brisk
2. (informal) miffed, mad, surly

Declension

Declension of adjective زَعِل (zaʕil)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	زَعِل zaʕil	الزَّعِل az-zaʕil	زَعِلَة zaʕila	الزَّعِلَة az-zaʕila
Nominative	زَعِلٌ zaʕilun	الزَّعِلُ az-zaʕilu	زَعِلَةٌ zaʕilatun	الزَّعِلَةُ az-zaʕilatu
Accusative	زَعِلًا zaʕilan	الزَّعِلَ az-zaʕila	زَعِلَةً zaʕilatan	الزَّعِلَةَ az-zaʕilata
Genitive	زَعِلٍ zaʕilin	الزَّعِلِ az-zaʕili	زَعِلَةٍ zaʕilatin	الزَّعِلَةِ az-zaʕilati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	زَعِلَيْن zaʕilayn	الزَّعِلَيْن az-zaʕilayn	زَعِلَتَيْن zaʕilatayn	الزَّعِلَتَيْن az-zaʕilatayn
Nominative	زَعِلَانِ zaʕilāni	الزَّعِلَانِ az-zaʕilāni	زَعِلَتَانِ zaʕilatāni	الزَّعِلَتَانِ az-zaʕilatāni
Accusative	زَعِلَيْنِ zaʕilayni	الزَّعِلَيْنِ az-zaʕilayni	زَعِلَتَيْنِ zaʕilatayni	الزَّعِلَتَيْنِ az-zaʕilatayni
Genitive	زَعِلَيْنِ zaʕilayni	الزَّعِلَيْنِ az-zaʕilayni	زَعِلَتَيْنِ zaʕilatayni	الزَّعِلَتَيْنِ az-zaʕilatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	plural unknown		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	? ?	? ?	زَعِلَات zaʕilāt	الزَّعِلَات az-zaʕilāt
Nominative	? ?	? ?	زَعِلَاتٌ zaʕilātun	الزَّعِلَاتُ az-zaʕilātu
Accusative	? ?	? ?	زَعِلَاتٍ zaʕilātin	الزَّعِلَاتِ az-zaʕilāti
Genitive	? ?	? ?	زَعِلَاتٍ zaʕilātin	الزَّعِلَاتِ az-zaʕilāti

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “زعل”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 593
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “زعل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 238–239
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “زعل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1232
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “زعل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 438
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “زعل”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 524

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ز ع ل
2 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic زَعِلَ (zaʕila).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zi.ʕil/, [ˈzi.ʕɪl]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

زعل • (ziʕil) I (present بزعل (bizʕal))

1. to get upset
2. to get angry

   Synonyms: عصّب (ʕaṣṣab), حمق (ḥimiʔ)

Conjugation

Conjugation of زعل (ziʕil)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	زعلت (zʕilt)	زعلت (zʕilt)	زعل (ziʕil)		زعلنا (zʕilna)	زعلتو (zʕiltu)	زعلو (ziʕlu)
	f		زعلتي (zʕilti)	زعلت (ziʕlat)
present	m	بزعل (bazʕal)	بتزعل (btizʕal)	بزعل (bizʕal)		منزعل (mnizʕal)	بتزعلو (btizʕalu)	بزعلو (bizʕalu)
	f		بتزعلي (btizʕali)	بتزعل (btizʕal)
subjunctive	m	أزعل (ʔazʕal)	تزعل (tizʕal)	يزعل (yizʕal)		نزعل (nizʕal)	تزعلو (tizʕalu)	يزعلو (yizʕalu)
	f		تزعلي (tizʕali)	تزعل (tizʕal)
imperative	m		ازعل (izʕal)				ازعلو (izʕalu)
	f		ازعلي (izʕali)

See also

• زعلان (zaʕlān, “upset; angry”)

Etymology 2

From Arabic زَعَّل (zaʕʕal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zaʕ.ʕal/, [ˈzaʕ.ʕal]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

زعّل • (zaʕʕal) II (present بزعّل (bizaʕʕel))

1. (transitive) to upset
2. to annoy, to make someone angry

Conjugation

Conjugation of زعّل (zaʕʕal)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	زعّلت (zaʕʕalt)	زعّلت (zaʕʕalt)	زعّل (zaʕʕal)		زعّلنا (zaʕʕalna)	زعّلتو (zaʕʕaltu)	زعّلو (zaʕʕalu)
	f		زعّلتي (zaʕʕalti)	زعّلت (zaʕʕalat)
present	m	بزعّل (bazaʕʕel)	بتزعّل (bitzaʕʕel)	بزعّل (bizaʕʕel)		منزعّل (minzaʕʕel)	بتزعّلو (bitzaʕʕlu)	بزعّلو (bizaʕʕlu)
	f		بتزعّلي (bitzaʕʕli)	بتزعّل (bitzaʕʕel)
subjunctive	m	ازعّل (azaʕʕel)	تزعّل (tzaʕʕel)	يزعّل (yzaʕʕel)		نزعّل (nzaʕʕel)	تزعّلو (tzaʕʕlu)	يزعّلو (yzaʕʕlu)
	f		تزعّلي (tzaʕʕli)	تزعّل (tzaʕʕel)
imperative	m		زعّل (zaʕʕel)				زعّلو (zaʕʕlu)
	f		زعّلي (zaʕʕli)

Etymology 3

From Arabic زَعَل (zaʕal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /za.ʕal/, [ˈza.ʕal]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Noun

زعل • (zaʕal) m

1. anger, irritation, annoyance
2. distress, upset