پورتقال

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian portogallo (“orange”), compare Greek πορτοκάλι (portokáli).

Alternative forms

• փօրթօգալ (portokal), փօրթագալ (portakal), փօրթուգալ (portukal) — Armeno-Turkish

Noun

پورتقال • (portokal, portakal, portukal)

1. orange (fruit and tree)

   Synonyms: نارنج (narenc), ترنج (turunc, türünc)

   پورتقال آغاجی ― portokal ağacı ― orange tree

   پورتقال چیچگی ― portokal çiçeği ― orange flower

   • a. 1730, Ahmed III, a letter to the grand vizier:

     كچنده پورتقال طورنجی كوندردكك لكن غایت اكشی

     geçende portokal turuncu gönderd{iğ}iñ lakin ğayet ekşi

     you sent Portuguese oranges the other day but they were very sour

Derived terms

• قاون پورتقالی (kavun portokalı)
• پورتقالاته (portokalata)
• پورتقالی (portokali)
• چین پورتقالی (çin portokalı)

Descendants

• Turkish: portakal
• → Albanian: portokall
• → Arabic: بُرْتُقَال (burtuqāl) (see there for further descendants)
• → Azerbaijani: portağal
• → Armenian: փորթուխալ (pʻortʻuxal), փորթուքալ (pʻortʻukʻal), փորթուկալ (pʻortʻukal)
• → Bulgarian: портока́л (portokál)
• → Classical Persian: پُرْتُقَال (purtuqāl), پُرْتِقَال (purtiqāl)
  • → Khalaj: purtəğâl
• → Gagauz: portokal
• → Georgian: ფორთოხალი (portoxali)
• → Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: pirteqal

  Central Kurdish: پرته‌قاڵ (pirteqall)

• → Ladino: portokal
• → Laz: ფოტუკალი (poťuǩali)
• → Macedonian: портокал (portokal)
• → Serbo-Croatian: partòkal, partòkol, portòkal, portàkal, prtòkal (Bosnia regional)
• → Turkmen: pyrtykal

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “portakal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “portakal”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3882ab
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “پورتقال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 325b
• Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901), “پوٓرتُقال”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 360b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “پورتقال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 456b
• Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841), “փօրթագալ [pʻōrtʻagal]”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary]‎^[3], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 959b
• Karapetean, Petros Zēkʻi (1912), “پورتقال”, in Mec baṙaran ōsmanerēnē hayerēn [Great Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary], Constantinople: Aršak Karōean, page 200a
• Kerestedjian, Bedros (1912), Kerest Haig, editor, Quelques matériaux pour un dictionnaire étymologique de la langue Turque (in French), London: Luzac & Co., page 345

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• پورتغال (Portoğal, Portağal)

Proper noun

پوٓرْتُقال or پوٓرْتٰقال • (Portokal or Portakal)

1. Portugal (a country in Europe)

   Synonym: پورتگیز (portegiz)

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “پورتقال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[4] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 325b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “پورتقال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 456b