orange

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See also: Orange and orangé

English[edit]

Various shades of orange.
Some oranges (the fruits).
An orange tree.

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English orenge, orange, from Old French pome orenge (“fruit orange”), influenced by the place name Orange (which is from Gaulish and unrelated to the word for the fruit and color) and by Old Occitan auranja and calqued from Old Italian melarancio, melarancia, compound of mela (“apple”) and un'arancia (“an orange”), from Arabic نَارَنْج‎ (nāranj), from Early Classical Persian نارنگ‎ (nārang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”),[1] from Proto-Dravidian *nār- (compare Tamil நார்த்தங்காய் (nārttaṅkāy), compound of நரந்தம் (narantam, “fragrance”) and காய் (kāy, “fruit”); also Telugu నారంగము (nāraṅgamu), Malayalam നാരങ്ങ (nāraṅṅa), Kannada ನಾರಂಗಿ (nāraṅgi)).

Originally borrowed as the surname (derived from the place name) in the 13th century, before the sense of the fruit was imported in the late 14th century and the color in 1510.[1] In the color sense, largely displaced ġeolurēad, whence yellow-red.

For other cases of incorrect division (or, elision/rebracketing) like the Italian word above, see Category:English rebracketings.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

orange (countable and uncountable, plural oranges)

  1. (countable) An evergreen tree of the genus Citrus such as Citrus sinensis.
  2. (countable) The fruit of the orange tree; a citrus fruit with a slightly sour flavour.
  3. (uncountable) The colour of a ripe fruit of an orange tree, midway between red and yellow.
    orange:  
    Synonym: yellow-red
  4. (uncommon) Various drinks:
    • 2015 March 31, Debbie McGowan, Two By Two, Beaten Track Publishing, →ISBN, page 81:
      “What you drinking?” “Orange and soda will go down nicely, thanks.” “Pint?” “Sure.” Andy headed for the bar, stopping along the way to kiss Shaunna and check she and Kris were OK for a drink. “Everything all right?” Sean asked.
    • 2015 May 7, Tosh Lavery, Tosh: An Amazing True Story Of Life, Death, Danger And Drama In The Garda Sub-Aqua Unit, Penguin UK, →ISBN:
      I ran out into the street and around the block, searching everywhere, and finally burst into O'Dowd's pub around the corner to see Thomas sitting at the bar drinking orange and eating a bag of crisps with two old men.
    • 2018 May 25, Michael Nilsen, Beyond the Cave, Troubador Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 82:
      It transpired this lad was drinking orange and faculties were keen. There were one or two verbal exchanges, then I followed him into the car park. He said to the doorman, 'I won't be long.' He easily knocked me to the ground.
    • 2021 June 10, Anna McPartlin, Waiting for the Miracle: Warm your heart this winter with this uplifting novel from the bestselling author of THE LAST DAYS OF RABBIT HAYES, Bonnier Zaffre Ltd., →ISBN:
      When the fast songs played, like the Beatles' 'Help' or The Rolling Stones' 'Satisfaction', Justin and I sat on two wooden chairs, drinking orange and holding hands. When the nuns weren't watching, I rested my head on his shoulder.
    1. (uncountable) Orange juice.
    2. (uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured cordial.
    3. (uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured soft drink.
  5. (heraldry) An orange-coloured roundel.

Usage notes[edit]

  • It is commonly stated that orange has no rhymes. While there are no commonly used English dictionary words that rhyme exactly with orange (door hinge comes close in US pronunciation), see Rhymes:English/ɒɹɪndʒ for some possibilities. See also the Wikipedia article about rhymes for the word orange
  • In most dialects, orange is pronounced with two syllables. But in certain dialects of North American English, the vowel of the second syllable is deleted and the word is pronounced as one syllable.[2] In such dialects, the two forms are generally allophonic.

Hypernyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → Esperanto: oranĝo
  • → Japanese: オレンジ (orenji)
  • → Korean: 오렌지 (orenji)
  • → Malay: oren
  • → Marshallese: oran

Translations[edit]

Adjective[edit]

orange (comparative oranger or more orange, superlative orangest or most orange)

  1. Having the colour of the fruit of an orange tree; yellowred; reddish-yellow.
    Antonym: nonorange

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

orange (third-person singular simple present oranges, present participle oranging, simple past and past participle oranged)

  1. (transitive) To color orange.
    • 1986, Gilles Deleuze, Cinema: The movement-image, page 118:
      It is this composition which reaches a colourist perfection in Le Bonheur with the complementarity of violet, purple and oranged gold
    • 1987, Harold Keith, Rifles for Watie, page 256:
      Jeff winked his eyes sleepily open and looked out into the cool flush of early morning. The east was oranged over with daybreak.
    • 2009, Suzanne Crowley, The Very Ordered Existence of Merilee Marvelous, page 117:
      I looked at him through my binoculars, his little lips oranged with Cheeto dust.
  2. (intransitive) To become orange.
    • 2007, Terézia Mora, Day in day out, page 296:
      Cranes in the distance against the background of the slowly oranging sky
    • 2008, Wanda Coleman, Jazz & twelve o'clock tales: new stories, page 14:
      It will be followed by a disappearance of the cash I had hidden in a sealed envelope behind the oranging Modigliani print over the living room couch.
    • 2010, Justin Cronin, The Passage, page 330:
      "What about his eyes?" / "Nothing. No oranging at all, from what I could see.

See also[edit]

Colors in English · colors, colours (layout · text)
     white      gray, grey      black
             red; crimson              orange; brown              yellow; cream
             lime, lime green              green              mint
             cyan; teal              azure, sky blue              blue
             violet; indigo              magenta; purple              pink

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “orange”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
  2. ^ https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/what-rhymes-with-orange

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Short form of late Old French pume orenge or pomme d'orenge, which was calqued after Old Italian melarancia (mela + arancia). The o came into the word under influence of the place name Orange, from where these fruits came to the north. See orange (English).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

orange f (plural oranges)

  1. orange (fruit)
    Il pressa l’orange afin d’en extraire du jus.
    He squeezed the orange to extract juice from it.

Descendants[edit]

Noun[edit]

orange m (plural oranges)

  1. orange (color)

Derived terms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

orange (invariable)

  1. orange
    Les premiers TGV atlantiques étaient orange.
    The first Atlantic TGV trains were orange.

Usage notes[edit]

While theoretically the adjective orange is invariable, being (originally) a colour name derived from a noun, the nonstandard plural oranges is in use.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)
     blanc      gris      noir
             rouge; cramoisi, carmin              orange; brun, marron              jaune; crème
             lime              vert              menthe
             cyan, turquoise; bleu canard              azur, bleu ciel              bleu
             violet, lilas; indigo              magenta; pourpre              rose

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

German[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the noun Orange (“orange fruit”), from French orange.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (predicative only) IPA(key): /oˈʁãːʃ/, /oˈʁaŋʃ/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʃ/, /oˈʁɔŋʃ/
  • (non-predicative feminine and plural forms) IPA(key): /oˈʁãːʒə/, /oˈʁaŋʒə/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʒə/, /oˈʁɔŋʒə/
  • Audio(file)

Adjective[edit]

A user suggests that this German entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “"strong nominative masculine singular (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener" -- this lacks the form "orange".”
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

orange (strong nominative masculine singular (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, comparative (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, superlative (standard) am orangesten or (colloquial) am orangensten)

  1. orange

Usage notes[edit]

  • The adjective has two sets of forms. In the formal standard language, endings are added directly to the stem (orang-). In less formal style and in the vernacular, another set of forms is used in free variation, in which an -n- is infixed before the endings.
  • It is also officially correct to leave the adjective entirely undeclined. This usage is rare, however, and seems dated.

Declension[edit]

Positive forms of orange
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist orange sie ist orange es ist orange sie sind orange
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative oranger1
orangener2 		orange1
orangene2 		oranges1
orangenes2 		orange1
orangene2
genitive orangen1
orangenen2 		oranger1
orangener2 		orangen1
orangenen2 		oranger1
orangener2
dative orangem1
orangenem2 		oranger1
orangener2 		orangem1
orangenem2 		orangen1
orangenen2
accusative orangen1
orangenen2 		orange1
orangene2 		oranges1
orangenes2 		orange1
orangene2
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der orange1
der orangene2 		die orange1
die orangene2 		das orange1
das orangene2 		die orangen1
die orangenen2
genitive des orangen1
des orangenen2 		der orangen1
der orangenen2 		des orangen1
des orangenen2 		der orangen1
der orangenen2
dative dem orangen1
dem orangenen2 		der orangen1
der orangenen2 		dem orangen1
dem orangenen2 		den orangen1
den orangenen2
accusative den orangen1
den orangenen2 		die orange1
die orangene2 		das orange1
das orangene2 		die orangen1
die orangenen2
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein oranger1
ein orangener2 		eine orange1
eine orangene2 		ein oranges1
ein orangenes2 		(keine) orangen1
(keine) orangenen2
genitive eines orangen1
eines orangenen2 		einer orangen1
einer orangenen2 		eines orangen1
eines orangenen2 		(keiner) orangen1
(keiner) orangenen2
dative einem orangen1
einem orangenen2 		einer orangen1
einer orangenen2 		einem orangen1
einem orangenen2 		(keinen) orangen1
(keinen) orangenen2
accusative einen orangen1
einen orangenen2 		eine orange1
eine orangene2 		ein oranges1
ein orangenes2 		(keine) orangen1
(keine) orangenen2

1Standard.
2Colloquial.

Comparative forms of orange
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist oranger1
er ist orangener2 		sie ist oranger1
sie ist orangener2 		es ist oranger1
es ist orangener2 		sie sind oranger1
sie sind orangener2
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative orangerer1
orangenerer2 		orangere1
orangenere2 		orangeres1
orangeneres2 		orangere1
orangenere2
genitive orangeren1
orangeneren2 		orangerer1
orangenerer2 		orangeren1
orangeneren2 		orangerer1
orangenerer2
dative orangerem1
orangenerem2 		orangerer1
orangenerer2 		orangerem1
orangenerem2 		orangeren1
orangeneren2
accusative orangeren1
orangeneren2 		orangere1
orangenere2 		orangeres1
orangeneres2 		orangere1
orangenere2
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der orangere1
der orangenere2 		die orangere1
die orangenere2 		das orangere1
das orangenere2 		die orangeren1
die orangeneren2
genitive des orangeren1
des orangeneren2 		der orangeren1
der orangeneren2 		des orangeren1
des orangeneren2 		der orangeren1
der orangeneren2
dative dem orangeren1
dem orangeneren2 		der orangeren1
der orangeneren2 		dem orangeren1
dem orangeneren2 		den orangeren1
den orangeneren2
accusative den orangeren1
den orangeneren2 		die orangere1
die orangenere2 		das orangere1
das orangenere2 		die orangeren1
die orangeneren2
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein orangerer1
ein orangenerer2 		eine orangere1
eine orangenere2 		ein orangeres1
ein orangeneres2 		(keine) orangeren1
(keine) orangeneren2
genitive eines orangeren1
eines orangeneren2 		einer orangeren1
einer orangeneren2 		eines orangeren1
eines orangeneren2 		(keiner) orangeren1
(keiner) orangeneren2
dative einem orangeren1
einem orangeneren2 		einer orangeren1
einer orangeneren2 		einem orangeren1
einem orangeneren2 		(keinen) orangeren1
(keinen) orangeneren2
accusative einen orangeren1
einen orangeneren2 		eine orangere1
eine orangenere2 		ein orangeres1
ein orangeneres2 		(keine) orangeren1
(keine) orangeneren2

1Standard.
2Colloquial.

Superlative forms of orange
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am orangesten1
er ist am orangensten2 		sie ist am orangesten1
sie ist am orangensten2 		es ist am orangesten1
es ist am orangensten2 		sie sind am orangesten1
sie sind am orangensten2
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative orangester1
orangenster2 		orangeste1
orangenste2 		orangestes1
orangenstes2 		orangeste1
orangenste2
genitive orangesten1
orangensten2 		orangester1
orangenster2 		orangesten1
orangensten2 		orangester1
orangenster2
dative orangestem1
orangenstem2 		orangester1
orangenster2 		orangestem1
orangenstem2 		orangesten1
orangensten2
accusative orangesten1
orangensten2 		orangeste1
orangenste2 		orangestes1
orangenstes2 		orangeste1
orangenste2
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der orangeste1
der orangenste2 		die orangeste1
die orangenste2 		das orangeste1
das orangenste2 		die orangesten1
die orangensten2
genitive des orangesten1
des orangensten2 		der orangesten1
der orangensten2 		des orangesten1
des orangensten2 		der orangesten1
der orangensten2
dative dem orangesten1
dem orangensten2 		der orangesten1
der orangensten2 		dem orangesten1
dem orangensten2 		den orangesten1
den orangensten2
accusative den orangesten1
den orangensten2 		die orangeste1
die orangenste2 		das orangeste1
das orangenste2 		die orangesten1
die orangensten2
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein orangester1
ein orangenster2 		eine orangeste1
eine orangenste2 		ein orangestes1
ein orangenstes2 		(keine) orangesten1
(keine) orangensten2
genitive eines orangesten1
eines orangensten2 		einer orangesten1
einer orangensten2 		eines orangesten1
eines orangensten2 		(keiner) orangesten1
(keiner) orangensten2
dative einem orangesten1
einem orangensten2 		einer orangesten1
einer orangensten2 		einem orangesten1
einem orangensten2 		(keinen) orangesten1
(keinen) orangensten2
accusative einen orangesten1
einen orangensten2 		eine orangeste1
eine orangenste2 		ein orangestes1
ein orangenstes2 		(keine) orangesten1
(keine) orangensten2

1Standard.
2Colloquial.

Further reading[edit]

  • “orange” in Duden online
  • “orange” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Limburgish[edit]

Noun[edit]

orange f

  1. Veldeke spelling spelling of Orasch

Luxembourgish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French orange.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

orange (masculine orangen, neuter oranget, comparative méi orange, superlative am orangesten)

  1. orange

See also[edit]

Colors in Luxembourgish · Faarwen (layout · text)
     wäiss      gro      schwaarz
             rout              orange; brong              giel
                          gréng             
             turquoise              blo (hellblo, himmelblo)              blo (donkelblo)
             violett; indigo              magenta; mof              rosa; pink

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

orange

  1. Alternative form of orenge

Norman[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio (Jersey)(file)

Adjective[edit]

orange m or f

  1. (Jersey, Guernsey) orange

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French orange. See English orange.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (indefinite common singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧ/
  • (indefinite neuter singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕt/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧt/
  • (definite masculine singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕɛ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧɛ/
  • (definite or plural) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕa/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧa/
  • Audio(file)

Adjective[edit]

orange

  1. orange
    Hon har långt, orange hår.
    She has long, orange hair.

Declension[edit]

Inflection of orange
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular orange orangeare orangeaste
Neuter singular orange orangeare orangeaste
Plural orange orangeare orangeaste
Masculine plural3 orange orangeare orangeaste
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 orange orangeare orangeaste
All orange orangeare orangeaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic
Less common:
Inflection of orange
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular orange orangeare orangeaste
Neuter singular oranget orangeare orangeaste
Plural orangea orangeare orangeaste
Masculine plural3 orangea orangeare orangeaste
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 orange orangeare orangeaste
All orangea orangeare orangeaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic
Inflection of orange
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular orange orangare orangast
Neuter singular orangt orangare orangast
Plural oranga orangare orangast
Masculine plural3 orange orangare orangast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 orange orangare orangaste
All oranga orangare orangaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Noun[edit]

orange ?

  1. orange (color)
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