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rose

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "rose"

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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A red rose (flower)
A rose (graph with only one vertex)

Etymology 1

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From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa.

cognates and more remote and uncertain etymology

The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (varəδa-), Sogdian [script needed] (ward), Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /⁠gul⁠/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rose (countable and uncountable, plural roses)

  1. A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers.
  2. A flower of the rose plant.
  3. A plant or species in the rose family. (Rosaceae)
  4. Something resembling a rose flower, such as a compass rose.
  5. (mathematics) A bouquet of circles.
  6. (heraldry) The rose flower, usually depicted with five petals, five barbs, and a circular seed.
  7. (countable, uncountable) A purplish-red or pink color, the color of some rose flowers.
    Web rose:  
    rose-pink:  
  8. A round nozzle for a sprinkling can or hose.
  9. The usually circular base of a light socket in the ceiling, from which the fitting or chandelier is suspended.
  10. Any of various large, red-bodied, papilionid butterflies of the genus Pachliopta.
  11. (mathematics) Any of various flower-like polar graphs of sinusoids or their squares.
  12. (mathematics, graph theory) A graph with only one vertex.
  13. (chess) A fairy chess piece that can make knight moves in a circular path.
    • 2018 October 12, aabicus, “My 7 Favorite Fairy Chess Pieces”, in The Daily SPUF‎[1]:
      The rose moves like a knight, but can continue making knight moves so long as there’s a 45-degree rotation between each jump. […] I can’t help but wonder if a full team of roses could even play against each other.
  14. A type of sex toy shaped like a rose.
    Me after ignoring all bad reviews on a rose from Shein and it literally starts electrocuting my clih.
Descendants
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  • → Marshallese: rooj
  • → Tokelauan: loha
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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rose (third-person singular simple present roses, present participle rosing, simple past and past participle rosed)

  1. (poetic, transitive) To make rose-colored; to redden or flush.
  2. (poetic, transitive) To perfume, as with roses.

Adjective

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rose (not comparable)

  1. Having a purplish-red or pink color; rosy.
Translations
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Derived terms

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names for organisms derived from rose

See also

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redsedit

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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rose

  1. simple past of rise
  2. (now colloquial and nonstandard) past participle of rise
    • 1775, The Complete Gazetteer of England and Wales […] ‎[2], volume 1, G. Robinson, and R. Baldwin, page 154:
      Chidley-Mount, Som. on the other ſide of the Parret, oppoſite to Bridgewater, which is ſuppoſed to have roſe from its ruins.
    • 1805, Cobbett's Political Register, volume 8, page 89:
      Here the genius of agriculture seems to have rose above its dawn.
    • 2006 January 30, Timothy Stagich, Conscious Ascension: The Global Rise of Mankind Out of the Depths of Conflict‎[3], Global Leadership Resources, →ISBN, page 86:
      And, it has often been in the most oppressed of times that human beings have rose up and discovered their greatest potential.
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Etymology 3

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From French rosé (“pinkish”).

Noun

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rose (plural roses)

  1. Alternative spelling of rosé.

Anagrams

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Further reading

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References

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  • “rose”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Afrikaans

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Noun

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rose

  1. plural of roos

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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rose f

  1. dative/locative singular of rosa

Etymology 2

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Verb

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rose

  1. masculine singular present transgressive of rosit

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology 1

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From late Old Norse rós, rósa, from Middle Low German rōse, from Latin rosa (“rose”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /roːsə/, [ˈʁoːsə]

Noun

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rose c (singular definite rosen, plural indefinite roser)

  1. rose (flower, shrub of the genus Rosa)
Inflection
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Declension of rose
common
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rose rosen roser roserne
genitive roses rosens rosers rosernes
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From French rosé.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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rose c (singular definite roseen, plural indefinite roseer)

  1. rosé (a pale pink wine)
Inflection
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Declension of rose
common
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rose roseen roseer roseerne
genitive roses roseens roseers roseernes

Etymology 3

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From Old Norse hrósa, whence dialectal English roose, Old Swedish rōsa.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /roːsə/, [ˈʁoːsə]

Verb

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rose (imperative ros, infinitive at rose, present tense roser, past tense roste, perfect tense har rost)

  1. to praise, commend
Conjugation
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Conjugation of rose
active passive
present roser roses
past roste rostes
infinitive rose roses
imperative ros —
participle
present rosende
past rost
(auxiliary verb have)
gerund rosen

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French rose, from Old French rose, borrowed from Latin rosa (the expected form if it was inherited would be *reuse).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rose f (plural roses)

  1. rose (flower)
  2. rose window
  3. (heraldry) rose

Derived terms

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Noun

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rose m (plural roses)

  1. pink

Adjective

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rose (plural roses)

  1. pink
  2. (humorous) pink, left-wing
  3. (colloquial) erotic, blue
  4. (in phrases) rosy, rose-tinted

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Haitian Creole: woz
  • Louisiana Creole: ròz, roz
  • Mauritian Creole: roz
  • Seychellois Creole: roz
  • → Greek: ροζ (roz)
  • → Luxembourgish: Rous
  • → Persian: رز (roz)
  • → Romanian: roz

See also

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Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)
     blanc      gris      noir
             rouge; cramoisi, carmin              orange; brun, marron              jaune; crème
             lime              vert              menthe
             cyan, turquoise; bleu canard              azur, bleu ciel              bleu
             violet, lilas; indigo              magenta; pourpre              rose

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Friulian

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Etymology

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From Latin rosa.

Noun

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rose f (plural rosis)

  1. flower
    Synonym: flôr
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Italian

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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rose pl

  1. plural of rosa

Etymology 2

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Verb

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rose

  1. third-person singular past historic of rodere

Etymology 3

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Participle

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rose f pl

  1. feminine plural of roso

Anagrams

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Participle

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rōse

  1. vocative masculine singular of rōsus

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrɔsɛ/, [ˈrɔsə]

Noun

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rose

  1. inflection of rosa:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/accusative plural

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English rōse, from Latin rosa. Reinforced and remodelled on Old French rose, from the same Latin source.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrɔːz(ə)/, /ˈrɔz(ə)/

Noun

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rose (plural roses or rosen)

  1. rose (plant belonging to the genus Rosa)
  2. rose (flower of the rose plant)
  3. (heraldry) The rose as a heraldic emblem.
  4. (figurative) A morally upstanding and virtuous individual.
  5. reddish-purple; a rosy color
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Descendants
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  • English: rose (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots: rose
  • Yola: rowse
See also
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Colors in Middle English · coloures, hewes (layout · text)
     whit      grey, hor      blak
             red; cremesyn, gernet              citrine, aumbre; broun, tawne              yelow, dorry, gul; canevas
             grasgrene              grene             
             plunket; ewage              asure, livid              blew, blo, pers
             violet; inde              rose, murrey; purpel, purpur              claret
References
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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rose

  1. alternative form of rosen (“to boast”)

Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French rose, from Latin rosa.

Noun

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rose f (plural roses)

  1. rose (flower)

Adjective

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rose m or f (plural roses)

  1. rosy; rose-colored

Descendants

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  • French: rose (see there for further descendants)
  • → Middle Dutch: rose

References

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  • rose on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Middle High German

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈroːs̠ə/

Noun

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rōse f or m

  1. rose
    Ich bin vrô von einer rôsen, diu kan sprëchen süeȥiu wort.
    I am glad of a rose which can say sweet words.

Declension

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Declension of rōse (weak feminine)
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein diu rōse die rōsen
genitive einer dër rōsen dër rōsen
dative einer dër rōsen dën rōsen
accusative eine die rōsen die rōsen
Declension of rōse (weak masculine)
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein dër rōse die rōsen
genitive eines dës rōsen dër rōsen
dative eime dëm rōsen dën rōsen
accusative einen dën rōsen die rōsen

Descendants

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  • Alemannic German: Roos, Roose
  • Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: roas
    Mòcheno: roas
  • Central Franconian: Rus
  • German: Rose (see there for further descendants)
  • Vilamovian: ruuz
  • Yiddish: רויז (royz)

References

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  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “rōse”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

Norman

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Norman Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nrm

Etymology

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From Latin rosa.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rose m or f

  1. (Jersey) pink (color)
    Synonym: (Guernsey) couleur dé raose

Alternative forms

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Noun

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rose f (plural roses)

  1. rose (flower)

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
Rose

Etymology

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From Latin rosa, via Old Norse rós and rósa.

Noun

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rose f or m (definite singular rosa or rosen, indefinite plural roser, definite plural rosene)

  1. a rose (plant and flower of genus Rosa)

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology 1

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From Latin rosa, via Old Norse rós and rósa.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rose f (definite singular rosa, indefinite plural roser, definite plural rosene)

  1. a rose (plant and flower of genus Rosa)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Compare Icelandic rosi.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rose f (definite singular rosa, indefinite plural roser, definite plural rosene)

  1. (some coastal dialects) a gust of wind
    Synonym: vindkast

Etymology 3

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Verb

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rose (present tense rosar/roser, past tense rosa/roste, past participle rosa/rost, passive infinitive rosast, present participle rosande, imperative rose/ros)

  1. alternative form of rosa

Further reading

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Old English

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Etymology

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From Latin rosa.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈroː.se/, [ˈroː.ze]

Noun

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rōse f (nominative plural rōsan or rōsa)

  1. rose

Declension

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Weak n-stem:

singular plural
nominative rōse rōsan
accusative rōsan rōsan
genitive rōsan rōsena
dative rōsan rōsum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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Old French

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Etymology

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    Learned borrowing from Latin rosa.

    Noun

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    rose oblique singular, f (oblique plural roses, nominative singular rose, nominative plural roses)

    1. rose (flower)
    2. rosewater

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Adjective

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    rose m (oblique and nominative feminine singular rosee)

    1. rose-colored

    References

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    Pali

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    Alternative forms

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    Alternative scripts

    Noun

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    rose

    1. inflection of rosa (“anger”):
      1. locative singular
      2. accusative plural

    Verb

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    rose

    1. optative active singular of rosati (“to annoy”)

    Serbo-Croatian

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    Noun

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    rose (Cyrillic spelling росе)

    1. inflection of rosa:
      1. genitive singular
      2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural
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