gul

See also: Gul, gül, Gül, and guļ

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *gula, from Proto-Indo-European *golH-o-; cognate with English callow, Serbo-Croatian gol, Latvian gāle ‘sheet of ice, black ice’.

Adjective

gul m (feminine gule)

1. (Arbëresh) hornless

Derived terms

• guli
• gulixhë

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Aleut

Pronunciation

• (Western) IPA^(key): /ˈɣul/

Verb

gul

1. (Western) to go through

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Bouyei

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *kuːᴬ (“I; me”), *kawᴬ (“I; me”). Cognate with Thai กู (guu), Zhuang gou.

Pronoun

gul

1. I; me

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Bura

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡúl]

Noun

gul

1. small hole

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Cornish

Etymology

Contraction of gwul, cognate with Breton ober (conjugation in gr-).

Verb

gul (irregular)

1. do, make

Conjugation

	Indicative				Subjunctive		Imperative
	Pres-fut	Imperfect	Preterite	Conditional	Pres-fut	Imperfect
1s	gwrav vy	gwren vy	gwrug(av) vy	gwrussen vy	gwrylliv vy	gwrellen vy	-
2s	gwredh jy, gwre'ta	gwres jy	gwrugys jy, gwruss'ta	gwrusses jy	gwrylli jy	gwrelles jy	gwra
3s	gwra ev	gwre ev	gwrug ev	gwrussa ev	gwrello ev	gwrella ev	gwres
1p	gwren ni	gwren ni	gwrussyn ni	gwrussen ni	gwryllyn ni	gwrellen ni	gwren
2p	gwrewgh hwi	gwrewgh hwi	gwrussowgh hwi	gwrussewgh hwi	gwryllowgh hwi	gwrellewgh hwi	gwrewgh
3p	gwrons i	gwrens i	gwrussons i	gwrussens i	gwrellons i	gwrellens i	gwrens
0	gwrer	gwres	gwrug	gwrussys	gwreller	gwrellys	-
Present participle: ow kul Verbal adjective: gwrys

Mutation

  Mutation of gul  

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
gul	wul	unchanged	kul	hwul	wul

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡuːl/, [ɡ̊uːˀl]

Adjective

gul

1. yellow (having yellow as its colour)

Inflection

Inflection of gul
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Common singular	gul	—	—2
Neuter singular	gult	—	—2
Plural	gule	—	—2
Definite attributive1	gule	—	—
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ʏl
• IPA^(key): /ɣʏl/

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Probably cognate with West Frisian gol (“kind of heart”), Middle English gulle (“friendly”).

Adjective

gul (comparative guller, superlative gulst)

1. generous, unselfish
2. unsparing, plentiful
3. hearty, cordial

   Hij lachte gul.

   He laughed heartily.

Inflection

Inflection of gul
uninflected	gul
inflected	gulle
comparative	guller
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		gul	guller	het gulst het gulste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	gulle	gullere	gulste
	n. sing.	gul	guller	gulste
	plural	gulle	gullere	gulste
definite		gulle	gullere	gulste
partitive		guls	gullers	—

Synonyms

• (generous): vrijgevig, royaal

Derived terms

• gulaardig
• gulhartig
• gulheid

Related terms

• gullen

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch *gul(le) (attested only in the diminutive gullekijn). Of uncertain origin, but plausibly related to geel (“yellow”).

Noun

gul m, f (plural gullen, diminutive gulletje n)

1. young cod

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Faroese

Adjective

gul

1. feminine nominative singular of gulur
2. neuter nominative plural of gulur
3. neuter accusative plural of gulur

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Kurdish

Etymology

From Persian گل‎ (gol).

Noun

gul f

1. flower

Derived terms

• gulan
• gulav
• gulberoj
• gulbihar
• gulbijêr
• gulbijêrk
• gulçin
• gulçinî
• gulçîn
• gulçînî
• gulçînîtî
• guldank
• guldeste
• guleberbiro
• gulebûk
• gulfîdan
• gulgîn
• gulgulî
• gulhingivîn

• gulî
• gulî
• gulî
• gulik
• gulik
• gulistan
• gulistanî
• gulî
• gulkelem
• gulkelemî
• gulnas
• gulnasî
• gulnesrîn
• gulperî
• gulşen
• gulşen
• gulyar
• gulyarî
• gulzan
• gulzanî

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North Frisian

Chemical element
Au
	Next: kwaksalwer (Hg)

Etymology

From Old Frisian gold (“gold”), from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥tóm (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”).

Noun

gul n

1. (Föhr-Amrum) gold

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse gulr

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʉːɽ/, /ɡʉːl/
• Rhymes: -ʉːɽ

Adjective

gul (masculine and feminine gul, neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulere, indefinite superlative gulest, definite superlative guleste)

1. yellow (colour)

Derived terms

• brungul
• gulaktig
• gulbrun
• gulfarge
• gulnebblom
• gulrot
• lysegul
• okergul
• paillegul
• sennepsgul

 

References

• “gul” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse gulr

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʉːl/

Adjective

gul (masculine and feminine gul, neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulare, indefinite superlative gulast, definite superlative gulaste)

1. yellow (colour)

Derived terms

• brungul
• gulaktig
• gulbrun
• gulfarge
• gulflankedelfin
• gulnebblom
• gulrot
• lysegul
• okergul
• sennepsgul

 

See also

Colors in Norwegian Nynorsk · fargar (layout · text)
kvit	grå	svart
raud	oransje ; brun	gul
	grøn
(turkis)		blå
	rosa ; lilla	rosa

References

• “gul” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡul/

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic

Interjection

gul

1. gobble (sound of a turkey)
2. gurgle

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Arabic غُول‎‎ (ḡūl).

Noun

gul m anim

1. (mythology) ghoul

Declension

declension of gul

	singular	plural
nominative	gul	gule
genitive	gula	gulów
dative	gulowi	gulom
accusative	gula	gule
instrumental	gulem	gulami
locative	gulu	gulach
vocative	gulu	gule

Etymology 3

Noun

gul

1. genitive plural of gula

Further reading

• gul in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Scottish Gaelic

Noun

gul m (genitive singular guil)

1. verbal noun of guil

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Swedish

Rapeseed flowers

Etymology

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʉːl/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʉːl

Adjective

gul

1. colored yellow

Declension

Inflection of gul
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	gul	gulare	gulast
Neuter singular	gult	gulare	gulast
Plural	gula	gulare	gulast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	gule	gulare	gulaste
All	gula	gulare	gulaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.

Noun

gul

1. the color yellow

Related terms

• gula

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Turkmen

Noun

gul (definite accusative guly, plural gullar)

1. slave
2. servant

Declension

    declension of gul

	singular	plural
nominative	gul	gullar
accusative	guly	gullary
genitive	guluň	gullaryň
dative	gula	gullara
locative	gulda	gullarda
ablative	guldan	gullardan

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Uzbek

Noun

gul (plural gullar)

1. flower

Declension

Inflection of gul

	singular	plural
nominative	gul	gullar
genitive	gulning	gullarning
dative	gulga	gullarga
accusative	gulni	gullarni
locative	gulda	gullarda
ablative	guldan	gullardan

possessive forms of gul

my	singular	plural
nominative	gulim	gullarim
genitive	gulimning	gullarimning
dative	gulimga	gullarimga
accusative	gulimni	gullarimni
locative	gulimda	gullarimda
ablative	gulimdan	gullarimdan
your	singular	plural
nominative	guling	gullaring
genitive	gulingning	gullaringning
dative	gulingga	gullaringga
accusative	gulingni	gullaringni
locative	gulingda	gullaringda
ablative	gulingdan	gullaringdan
her/his/its	singular	plural
nominative	guli	gullari
genitive	gulining	gullarining
dative	guliga	gullariga
accusative	gulini	gullarini
locative	gulida	gullarida
ablative	gulidan	gullaridan
our	singular	plural
nominative	gulimiz	gullarimiz
genitive	gulimizning	gullarimizning
dative	gulimizga	gullarimizga
accusative	gulimizni	gullarimizni
locative	gulimizda	gullarimizda
ablative	gulimizdan	gullarimizdan
your	singular	plural
nominative	gulingiz	gullaringiz
genitive	gulingizning	gullaringizning
dative	gulingizga	gullaringizga
accusative	gulingizni	gullaringizni
locative	gulingizda	gullaringizda
ablative	gulingizdan	gullaringizdan
their	singular	plural
nominative	guli	gullari
genitive	gulining	gullarining
dative	guliga	gullariga
accusative	gulini	gullarini
locative	gulida	gullarida
ablative	gulidan	gullaridan

Synonyms

• chechak

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Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡul/

Noun

gul (plural guls)

1. angle
2. corner

Declension

declension of gul

	singular	plural
nominative	gul	guls
genitive	gula	gulas
dative	gule	gules
accusative	guli	gulis
vocative 1	o gul!	o guls!
predicative 2	gulu	gulus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in some later, non-classical Volapük only

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Welsh

Adjective

gul

1. Soft mutation of cul (“narrow”).

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cul	gul	nghul	chul
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Zazaki

Etymology

Compare Persian گل‎ (gul).

Noun

gul ?

1. rose