gul

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See also: Gul, gül, Gül, guļ, and gúľ

Albanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Albanian *gula, from Proto-Indo-European *golH-o-; cognate with English callow, Serbo-Croatian gol, Latvian gāle (“sheet of ice, black ice”).[1]. Possibly related to ngul.

Adjective[edit]

gul m (feminine gule)

  1. (Arbëresh) hornless

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “gul”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 126

Aleut[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

gul

  1. (Western) to go through

References[edit]

Bouyei[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Tai *kuːᴬ (“I; me”), *kawᴬ (“I; me”). Cognate with Thai กู (guu), Zhuang gou.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

gul

  1. I; me

Bura[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul

  1. small hole

References[edit]

Cornish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Contraction of gwul, cognate with Welsh gwneud, Breton ober (conjugation in gr-).

Verb[edit]

gul (irregular)

  1. do, make

Conjugation[edit]

Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
Pres-fut Imperfect Preterite Conditional Pres-fut Imperfect
1s gwrav vy gwren vy gwrug(av) vy gwrussen vy gwrylliv vy gwrellen vy -
2s gwredh jy, gwre'ta gwres jy gwrugys jy, gwruss'ta gwrusses jy gwrylli jy gwrelles jy gwra
3s gwra ev gwre ev gwrug ev gwrussa ev gwrello ev gwrella ev gwres
1p gwren ni gwren ni gwrussyn ni gwrussen ni gwryllyn ni gwrellen ni gwren
2p gwrewgh hwi gwrewgh hwi gwrussowgh hwi gwrussewgh hwi gwryllowgh hwi gwrellewgh hwi gwrewgh
3p gwrons i gwrens i gwrussons i gwrussens i gwrellons i gwrellens i gwrens
0 gwrer gwres gwrug gwrussys gwreller gwrellys -
Present participle: ow kul
Verbal adjective: gwrys

Mutation[edit]

  Mutation of gul  
Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard mixed mixed after 'th
gul wul unchanged kul hwul wul

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɡuːˀl/, [ɡ̊uˀl], [kuˀl]

Adjective[edit]

gul

  1. yellow (having yellow as its colour)

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of gul
Positive Comparative Superlative
Common singular gul — —2
Neuter singular gult — —2
Plural gule — —2
Definite attributive1 gule — —
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

See also[edit]

Colors in Danish · farver (layout · text)
     hvid      grå      sort
             rød; højrød              orange; brun              gul; flødefarvet
             lime              grøn             
             cyan; turkis              azurblå              blå
             violet; indigo              magenta; lilla              lyserød

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɣʏl/
  • audio
    		(file)
  • Hyphenation: gul
  • Rhymes: -ʏl

Etymology 1[edit]

Uncertain. Probably cognate with West Frisian gol (“kind of heart”), Middle English gulle (“friendly”).

Adjective[edit]

gul (comparative guller, superlative gulst)

  1. generous, unselfish
  2. unsparing, plentiful
  3. hearty, cordial
    Hij lachte gul.
    He laughed heartily.
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of gul
uninflected gul
inflected gulle
comparative guller
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial gul guller het gulst
het gulste
indefinite m./f. sing. gulle gullere gulste
n. sing. gul guller gulste
plural gulle gullere gulste
definite gulle gullere gulste
partitive guls gullers —
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Dutch *gul(le) (attested only in the diminutive gullekijn). Of uncertain origin, but plausibly related to geel (“yellow”).

Noun[edit]

gul m or f (plural gullen, diminutive gulletje n)

  1. young cod

Faroese[edit]

Adjective[edit]

gul

  1. inflection of gulur:
    1. feminine nominative singular
    2. neuter nominative/accusative plural

Indonesian[edit]

gul

Etymology[edit]

From Persian گل‎ (gol), from late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥da-), from Proto-Iranian *wṛda-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰo- (“sweetbriar”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈɡʊl]
  • Hyphenation: gul

Noun[edit]

gul (first-person possessive gulku, second-person possessive gulmu, third-person possessive gulnya)

  1. (Classical Indonesian) rose (flower).
    Synonym: mawar

Further reading[edit]

North Frisian[edit]

Chemical element
Au Next: kwaksalwer (Hg)

Etymology[edit]

From Old Frisian gold (“gold”), from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥tóm (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”).

Noun[edit]

gul n

  1. (Föhr-Amrum) gold

Northern Kurdish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Cognate Persian گل‎ (gol).

Noun[edit]

gul f

  1. flower

Derived terms[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse gulr

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

gul (masculine and feminine gul, neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulere, indefinite superlative gulest, definite superlative guleste)

  1. yellow (colour)

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

gul (masculine and feminine gul, neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulare, indefinite superlative gulast, definite superlative gulaste)

  1. yellow (colour)

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Colors in Norwegian Nynorsk · fargar (layout · text)
     kvit      grå      svart
             raud              oransje; brun              gul
                          grøn             
             (turkis)                           blå
                          rosa; lilla              rosa

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Onomatopoeic

Interjection[edit]

gul

  1. gobble (sound of a turkey)
  2. gurgle

Etymology 2[edit]

Ultimately from Arabic غُول‎ (ḡūl).

Noun[edit]

gul m anim

  1. (mythology) ghoul
Declension[edit]
Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gule
genitive gula gulów
dative gulowi gulom
accusative gula gule
instrumental gulem gulami
locative gulu gulach
vocative gulu gule

Etymology 3[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun[edit]

gul

  1. genitive plural of gula

Further reading[edit]

  • gul in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul m (genitive singular guil)

  1. verbal noun of guil

Sumerian[edit]

Romanization[edit]

gul

  1. Romanization of 𒄢 (gul)

Swedish[edit]

Rapeseed flowers

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

gul (comparative gulare, superlative gulast)

  1. colored yellow

Declension[edit]

Inflection of gul
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular gul gulare gulast
Neuter singular gult gulare gulast
Plural gula gulare gulast
Masculine plural3 gule gulare gulast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 gule gulare gulaste
All gula gulare gulaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Noun[edit]

gul

  1. the color yellow

Related terms[edit]

Turkmen[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul (definite accusative guly, plural gullar)

  1. slave
  2. servant

Declension[edit]

Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gullar
accusative guly gullary
genitive guluň gullaryň
dative gula gullara
locative gulda gullarda
ablative guldan gullardan

Uzbek[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul (plural gullar)

  1. flower

Declension[edit]

Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gullar
genitive gulning gullarning
dative gulga gullarga
definite accusative gulni gullarni
locative gulda gullarda
ablative guldan gullardan
Possessive forms of gul
my singular plural
nominative gulim gullarim
genitive gulimning gullarimning
dative gulimga gullarimga
definite accusative gulimni gullarimni
locative gulimda gullarimda
ablative gulimdan gullarimdan
your singular plural
nominative guling gullaring
genitive gulingning gullaringning
dative gulingga gullaringga
definite accusative gulingni gullaringni
locative gulingda gullaringda
ablative gulingdan gullaringdan
her/his/its singular plural
nominative guli gullari
genitive gulining gullarining
dative guliga gullariga
definite accusative gulini gullarini
locative gulida gullarida
ablative gulidan gullaridan
our singular plural
nominative gulimiz gullarimiz
genitive gulimizning gullarimizning
dative gulimizga gullarimizga
definite accusative gulimizni gullarimizni
locative gulimizda gullarimizda
ablative gulimizdan gullarimizdan
your singular plural
nominative gulingiz gullaringiz
genitive gulingizning gullaringizning
dative gulingizga gullaringizga
definite accusative gulingizni gullaringizni
locative gulingizda gullaringizda
ablative gulingizdan gullaringizdan
their singular plural
nominative guli gullari
genitive gulining gullarining
dative guliga gullariga
definite accusative gulini gullarini
locative gulida gullarida
ablative gulidan gullaridan

Synonyms[edit]

Volapük[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul (nominative plural guls)

  1. angle
  2. corner

Declension[edit]

declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul guls
genitive gula gulas
dative gule gules
accusative guli gulis
vocative 1 o gul! o guls!
predicative 2 gulu gulus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Welsh[edit]

Adjective[edit]

gul

  1. Soft mutation of cul (“narrow”).

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cul gul nghul chul
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Zazaki[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Compare Persian گل‎ (gul).

Noun[edit]

gul ?

  1. rose

Zou[edit]

Gul.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruul, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ruːl. Cognates include Khimi Chin mägui and Tibetan སྦྲུལ (sbrul).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

gul

  1. snake, serpent

References[edit]

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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