redden

See also: Redden and -redden

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós

Proto-Germanic *raudaz

Proto-West Germanic *raud

Old English rēad

Middle English red

English red

Proto-Germanic *-in-

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti

Proto-Germanic *-ōną

Proto-Germanic *-inōną

Proto-West Germanic *-inōn

Old English -nian

Middle English -enen / -nen

English -en

English redden

From red + -en.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹɛdn̩/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛdən
• Hyphenation: red‧den

Verb

redden (third-person singular simple present reddens, present participle reddening, simple past and past participle reddened)

1. (intransitive) To become red or redder.
   • 1769, Plautus, Bonnell Thornton (translation), "The Captives", The Comedies of Plautus, T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, page 341

     But I will make you blush; nay, I will make you redden all over.

   • 1794, William Hamilton, "Mithridates", Poems on Several Occasions, W. Gordon, page 258

     Ere this had redden'd with my odious blood.

   • 1997, Ted Hughes, Tales from Ovid, Faber & Faber, "Phaethon," lines 227-9, p. 32,

     When the sun-god saw that, and the reddening sky

     And the waning moon seeming to thaw

     He called the Hours to yoke the horses.

2. (transitive) To make red or redder.
   • 1884, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Becket‎^[1], act I, scene 4:

     God redden your pale blood!

   • 1942, Wallace Stevens, “Country Words”, in The Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens, Knopf, published 1971, page 207:

     […] If the cloud that hangs
     Upon the heart and round the mind
     Cleared from the north and in that height
     The sun appeared and reddened great
     Belshazzar's brow, O, ruler, rude
     With rubies then, attend me now.

   • 1969, Wole Soyinka, The Bacchae of Euripides, Norton, published 1974, page 19:

     Then listen Thebes, nurse of Semele,
     Crown your hair with ivy
     Turn your fingers green with bryony
     Redden your walls with berries.

Conjugation

Conjugation of redden

infinitive	(to) redden
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	redden	reddened
2nd-person singular
3rd-person singular	reddens
plural	redden
subjunctive	redden	reddened
imperative	redden	—
participles	reddening	reddened

Derived terms

• deredden
• outredden
• reddener
• reddeningly
• unredden

Related terms

• red

Translations

to become red

• Albanian: skuq (sq)
• Amharic: ቀላ (ḳäla)
• Arabic: اِحْمَرَّ (iḥmarra)
• Aramaic:

  Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܲܡܸܩ (sāmiq)

• Armenian: կարմրել (hy) (karmrel), կարմրանալ (hy) (karmranal)
• Aromanian: arushescu
• Assamese: ৰঙা হোৱা (roṅa hüa)
• Bulgarian: почервенявам (bg) (počervenjavam), изчервявам се (izčervjavam se)
• Catalan: envermellir-se
• Czech: červenat (cs), rudnout, rdít
• Dutch: rood worden
• Esperanto: ruĝiĝi
• Finnish: punertua, punehtua; punastua (fi) (of sb's face, as an emotional reaction)
• French: rougir (fr)
• German: erröten (de)
• Greek: κοκκινίζω (el) (kokkinízo)

  Ancient Greek: ἐρυθραίνω (eruthraínō)

• Hebrew: אָדַם (he) (adám), הֶאֱדִים (he'dím)
• Hungarian: vörösödik (hu), pirosodik (hu)
• Ido: redeskar (io)
• Indonesian: memerah (id)
• Ingrian: punettua, punettia
• Karakhanid: قِزَرْماقْ (qïzarmāq)
• Korean: 붉어지다 (bulgeojida)
• Latin: rubeo, rutilō
• Māori: whero (mi)
• Marshallese: kabūrōrō
• Polish: czerwienieć (pl) impf, poczerwienieć (pl) pf, sczerwienieć pf, czerwienić się impf
• Portuguese: avermelhar (pt), vermelhar
• Romanian: roși (ro)
• Russian: красне́ть (ru) impf (krasnétʹ), покрасне́ть (ru) pf (pokrasnétʹ)
• Spanish: enrojecer (es)
• Swedish: rodna (sv)
• Telugu: ఎర్రబడు (errabaḍu)
• Turkish: kızarmak (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قیزارمق (qïzarmaq)

• Ukrainian: червоні́ти impf (červoníty), почервоні́ти pf (počervoníty)
• Uzbek: qizarmoq (uz)

to make red

• Albanian: skuq (sq)
• Arabic: حَمَّرَ (ḥammara)
• Aramaic:

  Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܵܡܹܩ (sameq)

• Armenian: կարմրացնել (hy) (karmracʻnel)
• Assamese: ৰঙোৱা (roṅüa)
• Bulgarian: боядисвам червено (bojadisvam červeno)
• Catalan: envermellir (ca)
• Dutch: rood maken
• Esperanto: ruĝigi
• Finnish: punata (fi); punastuttaa (cause an emotional reaction on somebody's face)
• French: faire rougir
• German: röten (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: ἐρυθραίνω (eruthraínō)

• Hungarian: vörösít (hu), pirosít (hu)
• Latin: rubefaciō
• Māori: pāhanahana, whakawaikura
• Marshallese: būrōrōk
• Old English: rēodan
• Old Norse: rjóða
• Polish: czerwienić (pl) impf, poczerwienić pf
• Portuguese: avermelhar (pt), vermelhar
• Romanian: roși (ro)
• Russian: красни́ть (ru) (krasnítʹ)
• Spanish: enrojecer (es)
• Ukrainian: червони́ти impf (červonýty), почервони́ти pf (počervonýty)
• Unami: màxkënëmën (inanimate subject)

Anagrams

• derned, red Ned, rended

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch redden, from Old Dutch *redden, from Proto-West Germanic *hraddjan, from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną. Equivalent to rad (“quick”) +‎ -en (“deadjectival”) and shows the effect of historical umlaut.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛ.də(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: red‧den
• Rhymes: -ɛdən

Verb

redden

1. (transitive) to save, rescue

   Hij wist zich ternauwernood uit het brandende wrak te redden.

   He barely managed to save himself from the burning wreck.

2. (reflexive) to manage, cope, be fine

   Maak je geen zorgen, ik red me wel.

   Don’t worry, I’ll manage (literally “... I save me well”).

   Redden jullie je wel of heb je hulp nodig?

   Will you guys be fine or do you need help?

   (literally, “Do you save yourselves well or do you need help?”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of redden (weak)
infinitive	redden
past singular	redde
past participle	gered
infinitive	redden
gerund	redden n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	red	redde
2nd person sing. (jij)	redt, red2	redde
2nd person sing. (u)	redt	redde
2nd person sing. (gij)	redt	redde
3rd person singular	redt	redde
plural	redden	redden
subjunctive sing.1	redde	redde
subjunctive plur.1	redden	redden
imperative sing.	red
imperative plur.1	redt
participles	reddend	gered
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• het redden
• reddeloos
• redder
• redding
• redmiddel

Descendants

• Afrikaans: red
• Negerhollands: red

Anagrams

• dender, derden, redend

Maltese

Root
r-d-n
5 terms

Alternative forms

• radden

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic رَدَّنَ (raddana).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛd.dɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛddɛn

Verb

redden (imperfect jredden, past participle mredden)

1. to spin cotton on a spindle

Conjugation

Conjugation of redden (Form II, sound)

positive forms
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	reddint	reddint	redden	reddinna	reddintu	reddnu
	f			reddnet
imperfect	m	nredden	tredden	jredden	nreddnu	treddnu	jreddnu
	f			tredden
imperative			redden			reddnu
negative forms
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	reddintx	reddintx	reddinx	reddinniex	reddintux	reddnux
	f			reddnitx
imperfect	m	nreddinx	treddinx	jreddinx	nreddnux	treddnux	jreddnux
	f			treddinx
imperative			treddinx			treddnux

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *redden, from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną.

Verb

redden

1. to save, to rescue

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: redden
• Limburgish: rèdde

Further reading

• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “redden (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Alternative forms

• redde
• reddenn (Ormulum)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English hreddan (“to save, deliver, recover, rescue”), from Proto-West Germanic *hraddjan, from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛdən/

Verb

redden

1. To save or rescue; to remove from penury or captivity.

   Synonyms: aredden, saven

   • Floris and Blauncheflur

     Þe children þerwiþ fram deþe he redde.

     With that he saved the children from death.

2. To release from injury or trouble.

Conjugation

Conjugation of redden (weak in -de)

infinitive	(to) redden, redde
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	redde	redde
2nd-person singular	reddest	reddest
3rd-person singular	reddeth	redde
subjunctive singular	redde
imperative singular		—
plural1	redden, redde	redden, redde
imperative plural	reddeth, redde	—
participles	reddynge, reddende	red, yred

¹ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Related terms

• aredden
• ridden

Descendants

• English: redd, red; rid
• Scots: redd, red
• Yola: red

References

• “redden, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Swedish

Noun

redden

1. definite singular of redd