cardinal

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See also: Cardinal

English[edit]

WOTD – 11 June 2006
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From Middle French cardinal, from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from cardō (“hinge”) + -ālis, adjectival suffix.

A cardinal.
A cardinal.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/, /ˈkɑːd.nəl/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/, /ˈkɑɹdnəl/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (AU)(file)

Adjective[edit]

cardinal (comparative more cardinal, superlative most cardinal)

  1. Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.
    a cardinal rule
  2. (nautical) Of or relating to the cardinal directions (north, south, east and west).
    a cardinal mark
  3. Describing a "natural" number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.
  4. Having a bright red color (from the color of a Catholic cardinal's cassock).

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun[edit]

cardinal (plural cardinals)

  1. (Roman Catholicism) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope and the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.[1] (See Wikipedia article on Catholic cardinals.)
    • 1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 16, in Friday's Business:
      His uncle, a Cardinal, engages a Spanish youth of Moorish descent called Diego, an expert singer and player on the virginal, to unlock the secrets of the heart, […] and cure him by the spell of his music.
  2. Any of a genus of songbirds of the finch family, Cardinalis.
  3. Any of various related passerine birds of the family Cardinalidae (See Wikipedia article on cardinals) and other similar birds that were once considered to be related.
    • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, “Afterglow”, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 168:
      Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.
  4. (color) A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)
    cardinal:  
    • 1914, ἄν ἀνἁβιλε, “Under the Cardinal Red and Silver Grey”, in Corks and Curls, volume 27, University of Virginia, page 28:
      The cardinal red and silver grey colors were worn with great enthusiasm. In the spring-time, when the entire student body bought their new straw hats, the bands were of cardinal and grey ribbon.
  5. (mathematics) Short for cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)
    • 1920, Bertrand Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, page 83:
      This cardinal number is the smallest of the infinite cardinal numbers; it is the one to which Cantor has appropriated the Hebrew aleph with the suffix 0, to distinguish it from larger infinite cardinals. Thus the name of the smallest of infinite cardinals is 0א.
  6. (grammar) Short for cardinal numeral, a word used to represent a cardinal number.
  7. Short for cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), a flowering plant.
    • 1844–1857, Marion D. Sullivan (lyrics and music), “Mary Lee: A Romance of the Milton Wood” (sheet music), Boston: Oliver Ditson, page 2, verse 3:
      The sweet-briar rose with perfume good, / And the violet grows in the Milton wood, / The cardinal red—a queen is she, / But the sweetest flower is Mary Lee.
  8. Short for cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), a freshwater fish.
  9. (now historical) A woman's short cloak with a hood, originally made of scarlet cloth.
    • 1763 August 9, The London Chronicle For the Year 1763, volume 14, page 130, column 2:
      […] ; and whilst she was looking over several pieces of each, she took an opportunity of concealing under her cardinal a piece of cotton, and several handkerchiefs, with which she went off undiscovered; […].
    • 1775, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The Duenna, I.3:
      She has valuables of mine; besides, my cardinal and veil are in her room.
    • c. 1760, Robert Lloyd, Chit-Chat, an imitation of Theocritus
      Where's your cardinal! Make haste.
    • 1823, Lionel Thomas Berguer, World, page 115:
      I have made no objection to their wearing the cardinal, though it be a habit of popish etymology, and was, I am afraid, first invented to hide the sluttishness of French dishabille.
    • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXIII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 274:
      Closely drawing her cardinal round her, she descended into the park, at whose extremity was the little chapel where she intended to make her offering. She soon arrived there, and found the aged priest in attendance.
  10. (obsolete) Mulled red wine.
    • 1861, Thomas Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford:
      He goes up, and finds the remains of the supper, Tankards full of egg-flip and cardinal, and a party playing at vingt-un.
    • 1951, Herbert Warner Allen, A Contemplation of Wine, page 116:
      A Recipe to make Cardinal, which I attribute to the German governess, raises a problem.
    • 1974, Dennis Walton Dodds, Napoleon's Love Child: A Biography of Count Leon, page 59:
      It was de Rosenberg's practice to separate young bloods from their inheritance, and to facilitate this he served them a vicious drink called 'cardinal', a mulled wine of which the ascertainable ingredients were a pineapple and several mixed vintages.

Translations[edit]

cardinal numeral — see cardinal numeral
mulled wine — see mulled wine
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Press Office (17 Feb. 2014), “The College of Cardinals General Documentazion”, in The Holy See.
  • (woman's cloak; mulled red wine): Hotten's Slang Dictionary (1873)

Anagrams[edit]

Catalan[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

cardinal m or f (masculine and feminine plural cardinals)

  1. cardinal

Derived terms[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

cardinal (feminine cardinale, masculine plural cardinaux, feminine plural cardinales)

  1. important; paramount
  2. (mathematics) cardinal

Derived terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinaux)

  1. (religion) cardinal
  2. cardinal number
  3. cardinal (bird)

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinal)

  1. cardinal (color)

Further reading[edit]

Italian[edit]

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of cardinale

Anagrams[edit]

Middle French[edit]

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinauls)

  1. (Christianity) cardinal.

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin cardinālis. Doublet of cardeal.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

  • Rhymes: -al, -aw
  • Hyphenation: car‧di‧nal

Adjective[edit]

cardinal m or f (plural cardinais)

  1. cardinal (describing a number that indicates quantity)
    Synonym: cardeal

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinais)

  1. cardinal (number indicating quantity)
    Synonym: cardeal
  2. (typography) hash (the # symbol)

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French cardinal, Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

cardinal m or n (feminine singular cardinală, masculine plural cardinali, feminine and neuter plural cardinale)

  1. principal, essential, fundamental
    Synonyms: capital, crucial, decisiv, esențial, fundamental

Declension[edit]

Declension of cardinal
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite cardinal cardinală cardinali cardinali
definite cardinalul cardinala cardinalii cardinalile
genitive/
dative 		indefinite cardinal cardinali cardinali cardinali
definite cardinalului cardinalii cardinalilor cardinalilor

Derived terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinali)

  1. (religion) cardinal
  2. cardinal (bird)
  3. a variety of grape, cultivated for consumption

Declension[edit]

Declension of cardinal
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) cardinal cardinalul (niște) cardinali cardinalii
genitive/dative (unui) cardinal cardinalului (unor) cardinali cardinalilor
vocative cardinalule cardinalilor

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kaɾdiˈnal/ [kaɾ.ð̞iˈnal]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: car‧di‧nal

Adjective[edit]

cardinal (plural cardinales)

  1. cardinal (crucial, pivotal)
    Synonym: fundamental
  2. cardinal (describing a number used to indicate quantity)
    Antonym: ordinal

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Cardinal Pabyddol
Cardinal cyffredin

Etymology[edit]

From English cardinal, from Middle French cardinal (“cardinal”), from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from Latin cardō (“hinge”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

cardinal m (plural cardinaliaid)

  1. (Roman Catholicism) cardinal (Roman Catholic official)
  2. cardinal (bird)

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cardinal gardinal nghardinal chardinal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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