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cardinal

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Cardinal

English

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WOTD – 11 June 2006
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Middle French cardinal, from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from cardin-, cardō (“hinge”) + -ālis, adjectival suffix.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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cardinal (comparative more cardinal, superlative most cardinal)

  1. Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.
    a cardinal rule
  2. (nautical) Of or relating to the cardinal directions (north, south, east and west).
    a cardinal mark
  3. Describing a “natural” number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.
  4. Having a bright red color (from the color of a Catholic cardinal’s cassock).
  5. (astrology) Being one of the signs Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn, associated with initiation, creation, and force.
    Coordinate terms: fixed, mutable

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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cardinal (countable and uncountable, plural cardinals)

A cardinal (1)
Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) (2)
  2. (Roman Catholicism) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope, equal to the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.[1]
    Hypernym: cleric
    • 1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 16, in Friday's Business:
      His uncle, a Cardinal, engages a Spanish youth of Moorish descent called Diego, an expert singer and player on the virginal, to unlock the secrets of the heart, […] and cure him by the spell of his music.
    • 2025 May 8, Angela Giuffrida and Harriet Sherwood, “White smoke from Sistine Chapel chimney signals election of new pope”, in The Guardian‎[1]:
      Francis riled conservative cardinals with his compassion for migrants and refugees, openness towards LGBTQ+ Catholics and demands for action on the climate crisis.
      Among the frontrunners before the conclave began were Pietro Parolin, the Vatican’s secretary of state; Luis Antonio Tagle, a reformer from the Philippines; Péter Erdő, a traditionalist from Hungary; Robert Sarah, a cardinal from Guinea who criticised Francis’s papacy; and the moderate US cardinal Robert Prevost.
  4. Any of various species of New-World passerine songbird in the genus Cardinalis, or in the family Cardinalidae more generally, or of similar appearance and once considered to be related to the former; so called because of their red plumage. (See Wikipedia article for taxonomical information.)
    Hyponyms: northern cardinal, red cardinal
    • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, “Afterglow”, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 168:
      Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.
  5. A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)
    cardinal:  
    • 1889, Demorests' Monthly Magazine, volume 25, page 65:
      Dark navy-blue, cardinal, golden-brown, old blue, olive, slate-gray, and telegraph-blue are the favorite solid colors seen in heavy beaver cloths […]
    • 1914, ἄν ἀνἁβιλε, “Under the Cardinal Red and Silver Grey”, in Corks and Curls, volume 27, University of Virginia, page 28:
      The cardinal red and silver grey colors were worn with great enthusiasm. In the spring-time, when the entire student body bought their new straw hats, the bands were of cardinal and grey ribbon.
  6. (mathematics) Ellipsis of cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)
    • 1920, Bertrand Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, page 83:
      This cardinal number is the smallest of the infinite cardinal numbers; it is the one to which Cantor has appropriated the Hebrew aleph with the suffix 0, to distinguish it from larger infinite cardinals. Thus the name of the smallest of infinite cardinals is 0א.
  7. (grammar) Ellipsis of cardinal numeral, a word used to represent a cardinal number.
  8. Ellipsis of cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), a flowering plant.
    • 1844–1857, Marion D. Sullivan, “Mary Lee: A Romance of the Milton Wood” (sheet music), Boston: Oliver Ditson, page 2, verse 3:
      The sweet-briar rose with perfume good, / And the violet grows in the Milton wood, / The cardinal red—a queen is she, / But the sweetest flower is Mary Lee.
  9. Ellipsis of cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), a freshwater fish.
  10. (now historical) A woman's short cloak with a hood, originally made of scarlet cloth.
    • 1763 August 9, The London Chronicle For the Year 1763, volume 14, page 130, column 2:
      […] ; and whilst she was looking over several pieces of each, she took an opportunity of concealing under her cardinal a piece of cotton, and several handkerchiefs, with which she went off undiscovered; […].
    • 1775, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The Duenna, I.3:
      She has valuables of mine; besides, my cardinal and veil are in her room.
    • c. 1760, Robert Lloyd, Chit-Chat, an imitation of Theocritus:
      Where's your cardinal! Make haste.
    • 1823, Lionel Thomas Berguer, World, page 115:
      I have made no objection to their wearing the cardinal, though it be a habit of popish etymology, and was, I am afraid, first invented to hide the sluttishness of French dishabille.
    • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXIII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 274:
      Closely drawing her cardinal round her, she descended into the park, at whose extremity was the little chapel where she intended to make her offering. She soon arrived there, and found the aged priest in attendance.
  11. (obsolete) Mulled red wine.
    • 1861, Thomas Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford:
      He goes up, and finds the remains of the supper, Tankards full of egg-flip and cardinal, and a party playing at vingt-un.
    • 1951, Herbert Warner Allen, A Contemplation of Wine, page 116:
      A Recipe to make Cardinal, which I attribute to the German governess, raises a problem.
    • 1974, Dennis Walton Dodds, Napoleon's Love Child: A Biography of Count Leon, page 59:
      It was de Rosenberg's practice to separate young bloods from their inheritance, and to facilitate this he served them a vicious drink called 'cardinal', a mulled wine of which the ascertainable ingredients were a pineapple and several mixed vintages.

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Derived terms

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Synonyms

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See also

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redsedit

References

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  1. ^ Press Office (2014 February 17) “The College of Cardinals General Documentazion”, in The Holy See.
  • (woman's cloak; mulled red wine): Hotten's Slang Dictionary (1873)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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cardinal m or f (masculine and feminine plural cardinals)

  1. cardinal

Derived terms

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French

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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cardinal (feminine cardinale, masculine plural cardinaux, feminine plural cardinales)

  1. important; paramount
  2. (mathematics) cardinal
    Coordinate term: ordinal

Derived terms

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Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinaux)

  1. (religion) cardinal
  2. (mathematics) cardinal number
    Coordinate term: ordinal
  3. cardinal (bird)

Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinal)

  1. cardinal (color)

Further reading

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Italian

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Noun

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cardinal m (apocopated)

  1. apocopic form of cardinale

Anagrams

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Middle French

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Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinauls)

  1. (Christianity) cardinal.

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin cardinālis. Doublet of cardeal, which was inherited.

Pronunciation

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  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /kɐɾ.diˈnal/ [kɐɾ.ðiˈnaɫ]
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /kɐɾ.diˈna.li/ [kɐɾ.ðiˈna.li]

  • Rhymes: -al, -aw
  • Hyphenation: car‧di‧nal

Adjective

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cardinal m or f (plural cardinais)

  1. cardinal (describing a number that indicates quantity)
    Synonym: cardeal

Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinais)

  1. cardinal (number indicating quantity)
    Synonym: cardeal
  2. (typography) hash (the # symbol)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French cardinal, Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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cardinal m or n (feminine singular cardinală, masculine plural cardinali, feminine and neuter plural cardinale)

  1. principal, essential, fundamental
    Synonyms: capital, crucial, decisiv, esențial, fundamental

Declension

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Declension of cardinal
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative-
accusative 		indefinite cardinal cardinală cardinali cardinale
definite cardinalul cardinala cardinalii cardinalele
genitive-
dative 		indefinite cardinal cardinale cardinali cardinale
definite cardinalului cardinalei cardinalilor cardinalelor

Derived terms

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Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinali)

  1. (religion) cardinal
  2. cardinal (bird)
  3. a variety of grape, cultivated for consumption

Declension

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Declension of cardinal
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative cardinal cardinalul cardinali cardinalii
genitive-dative cardinal cardinalului cardinali cardinalilor
vocative cardinalule cardinalilor

Derived terms

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References

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin cardinālis.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaɾdiˈnal/ [kaɾ.ð̞iˈnal]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: car‧di‧nal

Adjective

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cardinal m or f (masculine and feminine plural cardinales)

  1. cardinal (crucial, pivotal)
    Synonym: fundamental
  2. cardinal (describing a number used to indicate quantity)
    Antonym: ordinal

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Welsh

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Cardinal Pabyddol
Cardinal cyffredin

Etymology

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From English cardinal, from Middle French cardinal (“cardinal”), from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from Latin cardō (“hinge”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cardinal m (plural cardinaliaid)

  1. (Roman Catholicism) cardinal (Roman Catholic official)
  2. cardinal (bird)

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of cardinal
radical soft nasal aspirate
cardinal gardinal nghardinal chardinal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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