کاریز

See also: كاریز and كارىز

Persian

Alternative forms

• کاهریز (kāhrēz / kâhriz), کهریز (kahrēz / kahriz)

Etymology

From earlier form کاهریز (kāhrēz) or کهریز (kahrēz), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ksryc /⁠kahrēz⁠/) (compare Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫞𐫍𐫡𐫏𐫉 (qhryz /⁠kahrēz⁠/, “qanat”), Parthian 𐫞𐫍𐫡𐫏𐫝 (qhryc /⁠kahrēz⁠/, “qanat”) and Khunsari کیریز (/⁠kēⁱrīz)⁠/), or compound of کاه (kāh, “straw”) +‎ ریز (rēz, “to throw”). They used to throw straws in qanats' wells to see how rapid the movement of water is for repair purposes.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /kaː.ˈreːz/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɾeːz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɾeːz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɾeːz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰɔː.ɾeːz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɒː.ɹiːz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɔ.ɾez]

• Rhymes: -eːz

Readings
Classical reading?	kārēz
Dari reading?	kārēz
Iranian reading?	kâriz
Tajik reading?	korez

Noun

کاریز • (kārēz / kâriz) (plural کاریزها (kārēz-hā / kâriz-hâ), Tajik spelling корез)

1. (regional or Dari) qanat, karez

   Synonym: قنات (qanāt / ġanât)

   • 995-1077, Abulfazl-i Bayhaqī, edited by Ali-Akbar Fayyâz, Tārīx-i Bayhaqī, pages 320-321:

     و کسانی که شهرها و دیه‌ها و بناها و کاریزها ساختند و غم این جهان بخوردند
     آن همه بگذاشتند و برفتند […]

     wa kasānē ki šahr-hā u diya-hā wa bannā-hā wa kārēz-hā sāxtand u ġamm-i īn jahān bixwardand
     ān hama-yi biguzāštand wa biraftand […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 10th century, Kisā'ī Marwazī, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     سزد که دو رخ کاریز آب دیده کنی
     که ریز ریز بخواهدت ریختن کاریز

     sazad ki du rux kārēz-i āb-i dīda kunī
     ki rēz-rēz bixwāhadat rēxtan kārēz

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

• Traditionally, these channels are called قنات (qanāt) in western Iran and کاریز (kārēz) in eastern Iran and Afghanistan.

Derived terms

• کاریزکن (kārēzkan / kârizkan)
• کاریزگر (kārēzgar / kârizgar)
• کهریزه (kahrēza / kahrize)
• کهریزک (kahrēzak / kahrizak)

Descendants

• Tajik: корез (korez)
• → Arabic: كاريز (kārīz) (Iraq, west Arabia)
• → Azerbaijani: kəhriz
• → Baluchi: کاریز (kárez)
• → Chagatai: کاریز (kʾryz /⁠kārīz⁠/)
  • Uyghur: كارىز (kariz)
  • Uzbek: koriz, kariz
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: कहरेज़ (kahrez)

  Urdu: کَہْریز (kahrez)

• → Kazakh: кәріз (käriz)
• → Ottoman Turkish: کاریز (kârîz), گریز (girîz)
  • Turkish: geriz, keriz
  • → Albanian: gjiriz
  • → Armenian: կէրիզ (kēriz)
  • → Bulgarian: гери́з (geríz)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਕਹਿਰੇਜ਼ (kahirez)

  Shahmukhi script: کَہْریز (kahrez)

• → Russian: кяриз (kjariz), кяхриз (kjaxriz), кягриз (kjagriz)
• → Turkmen: käriz