ܐܝܢܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

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Etymology 1

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Developed from ܐܸܠܵܐ (illā) or borrowed from Northern Kurdish inâ.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard) IPA(key): [ʔiːnɑː]

Conjunction

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ܐܝܼܢܵܐ (īnā)

  1. but
  2. however
See also
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Aramaic אַיְנָא (ʾaynā), from אַי (ʾay) +‎ הָנָא (hānā, this), hence from Proto-Semitic *ʔayy-; compare Hebrew אֵיזֶה (éize), Arabic أَيّ (ʔayy) and Akkadian 𒀀𒀀𒌑𒌝 (ayyum).

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā) (feminine ܐܲܝܕܵܐ (aydā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))

  1. (interrogative) which
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ḥabūšā ḵīl lūḵ?Which apple did you eat?
    ܡ̣ܢ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ؟min aynā aṯrā ìwet?From which country are you?
  2. (with ܕ- (d-, that)) whichever (The/Any ... that)
    ܫܩܘܿܠ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܬšqōl aynā ḥabūšā d-kē bāˁētTake whichever apple [that] you want.

Pronoun

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ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā) (feminine ܐܲܝܕܵܐ (aydā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))

  1. (interrogative) which one (What one (of those mentioned or implied))
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ḵīl lūḵ?Which one did you eat?
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܵܠܕ݇ܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ìlēh yālūḵ?Which one is your child?
  2. (directly followed by ܕ- (d-)) Whichever one that…, He who…
    ܫܩܘܿܠ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܬšqōl aynā d-kē bāˁētTake whichever one that you want.
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܕܡܲܨܝܸܬ݂ ܠܢܘܼܟ݂ܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܚܵܙܹܐ ܦܨܝܼܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐaynā d-maṣyiṯ l-nuḵrāyē lā kē ḥāzē pṣīḥūṯāHe who/Whichever one that heeds to strangers will not see happiness.
Usage notes
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Many dialects only use the masculine form regardless of gender or plural.

Derived terms
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