ܐܝܕܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hand_male_both_sides.jpg/220px-Hand_male_both_sides.jpg)
From Aramaic יְדָא (yəḏā), from Proto-Semitic *yad-; compare Arabic يَد (yad), Hebrew יָד (yád) and Akkadian 𒀉 (idum, “arm”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard) IPA(key): [ʔiːðɑː]
- (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ʔiːdɑː]
Noun
[edit]ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ • (īḏā) f sg (plural ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܹܐ (īḏē) or ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (īḏāṯē) or ܐ̈ܝܼܕ݂ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (īḏawwāṯā))
- (anatomy) hand
- ܫܓ݂ܝܼܫ ܠܹܗ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܝܼ. ― He shook my hand.
- ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ ܠܵܐ ܡܵܪܥܝܼ ― īḏāḵ lā mārˁī ― May your hands not hurt
- ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ܒܐܝܼܕ݂ܝܼ ― īlāh bīḏī ― I can control it/it is in my power (literally, “It is in my hand”)
- ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܪܓ݂ܝܼܙ ܠܹܗ ܘܡܨܘܼܪܦܸܚ ܠܹܗ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܦܵܬ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ. ― gaḇrā rḡīz lēh w-mṣurpiḥ lēh īḏēh ˁal pāṯōrā. ― The man got angry and slapped his hand on the table.
- 1 Peter 1:5:
- ܒܵܣ ܡܲܟܦܘܼܢ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܬ݇ܚܘܿܬ݂ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܚܲܝܠܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ، ܕܡܲܪܸܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܒܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ܚܫܝܼܚܬܵܐ.
- bās makpūn nafšḵōn ḥōṯ īḏā ḥaylānīṯā d-allāhā, d-marrim lāwḵōn b-ˁiddānā ḥšīḥtā.
- Therefore humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt you in due time.
- (animal anatomy) paw
- (card games) hand
- (soccer) hand foul
- (figuratively) power, might, dominion
Usage notes
[edit]- The plural ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܹܐ (īḏē) is used for literal or animate senses of the same possession while ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (īḏāṯē) is used for the possession of more than one as well as for figurative or inanimate senses.
Inflection
[edit]number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
m | f | ||||||
singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܝܼ (īḏī) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܲܢ (īḏan) | ||
construct | ܝܲܕ݂ (yaḏ) |
2nd person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (īḏūḵ) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (īḏāḵ) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (īḏāwḵōn) | ||
emphatic | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ (īḏā) |
3rd person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܹܗ (īḏēh) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܗ̇ (īḏāh) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܗܘܿܢ (īḏhōn) | ||
plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܝܼ̈ (īḏātī) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܲܢ̈ (īḏātan) | ||
construct | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬ̈ (īḏāt) |
2nd person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (īḏātūḵ) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (īḏātāḵ) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (īḏātāwḵōn) | ||
emphatic | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܹ̈ܐ (īḏātē) |
3rd person | ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ (īḏātūh) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (īḏātōh) |
ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ (īḏāthōn) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܒܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ (īḏā b-īḏā, “hand in hand”)
- ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܢܵܐ (īḏānā, “handy”)
- ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (īḏānāyā, “manual”)
- ܒܝܲܕ݂ (byaḏ, “by”)
- ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ (qam īḏā, “at hand”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Aramaic אַיְדָּא (ʾaydā), from אַי (ʾay) + הָדֵּא (hāḏē, “this”), hence from Proto-Semitic *ʔayy-; compare Hebrew אֵיזוֹ (éizo) and Arabic أَيَّة (ʔayya).
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ܐܲܝܕܵܐ • (aydā) (masculine ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))
- (interrogative) which
- ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܟܵܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܦܬ݂ܝܼܚܬܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܬ݇. ― aydā kāwṯā pṯīḥtā ìwā. ― Which window was open?
- ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܢ ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܓܘܼܒܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܫܲܥܠܹܐ. ― lā kē yāḏˁēn aydā gubṯā d-kē mšaˁlē. ― I don't know which cheese he prefers.
Usage notes
[edit]Many dialects only use the masculine form regardless of gender or plural.
Derived terms
[edit]- ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܕܗܵܘܝܵܐ (aydā d-hāwyā, “Whichever one; Any of them.”)
Classical Syriac
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Semitic *yad-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ʔiðɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
- IPA(key): [ʔiðe(ʔ)], [ʔiðajjɑ(ʔ)], [ʔiðawwɑθɑ(ʔ)], [ʔiðahhɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)
Noun
[edit]ܐܝܕܐ • (ˀīḏā) f (plural ܐܝܕܗܬܐ or ܐܝܕܘܬܐ or ܐܝܕܝܐ or ܐܝܕܐ)
- (anatomy) hand; forearm, arm
- fist
- (animal anatomy) paw, forepaw
- glove
- armrest
- handle
- axle (of a wheel)
- clapper (of a bell)
- side, bank, shore
- (figuratively) power, might, dominion
- (figuratively) laying on of hands, ordination
Usage notes
[edit]Usually, the plurals ܐܝܕܐ (ʾīḏēʾ) and ܐܝܕܝܐ (ʾīḏayyāʾ) are used for literal or animate senses while ܐܝܕܘܬܐ (ʾīḏawwāṯāʾ) and ܐܝܕܗܬܐ (ʾīḏahhāṯāʾ) are used for figurative or inanimate senses.
Inflection
[edit]state | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
absolute | ܝܕ | ܐܝܕܗܢ, ܐܝܕܘܢ, ܐܝܕܝܢ |
construct | ܐܝܕ ,ܝܕ | ܐܝܕܗܬ, ܐܝܕܘܬ, ܐܝܕܝ |
emphatic | ܐܝܕܐ | ܐܝܕܗܬܐ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܐ ,ܐܝܕܝܐ ,ܐܝܕܐ |
possessive forms | ||
1st c. sg. (my) | ܐܝܕܝ | ܐܝܕܗܬܝ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܝ ,ܐܝܕܝ |
2nd m. sg. (your) | ܐܝܕܟ | ܐܝܕܗܬܟ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܟ ,ܐܝܕܝܟ |
2nd f. sg. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܝ | ܐܝܕܗܬܟܝ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܟܝ ,ܐܝܕܝܟܝ |
3rd m. sg. (his) | ܐܝܕܗ | ܐܝܕܗܬܗ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܗ ,ܐܝܕܘܗܝ |
3rd f. sg. (her) | ܐܝܕܗ | ܐܝܕܗܬܗ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܗ ,ܐܝܕܝܗ |
1st c. pl. (our) | ܐܝܕܢ | ܐܝܕܗܬܢ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܢ ,ܐܝܕܝܢ |
2nd m. pl. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܘܢ | ܐܝܕܗܬܟܘܢ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܟܘܢ ,ܐܝܕܝܟܘܢ |
2nd f. pl. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܝܢ | ܐܝܕܗܬܟܝܢ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܟܝܢ ,ܐܝܕܝܟܝܢ |
3rd m. pl. (their) | ܐܝܕܗܘܢ | ܐܝܕܗܬܗܘܢ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܗܘܢ ,ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ |
3rd f. pl. (their) | ܐܝܕܗܝܢ | ܐܝܕܗܬܗܝܢ ,ܐܝܕܘܬܗܝܢ ,ܐܝܕܝܗܝܢ |
Derived terms
[edit]Synonyms
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܐܝܕܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܝܕܐ)
- Alternative form of ܥܐܕܐ
Inflection
[edit]state | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
absolute | ܐܝܕ | ܐܝܕܝܢ |
construct | ܐܝܕ | ܐܝܕܝ |
emphatic | ܐܝܕܐ | ܐܝܕܐ |
possessive forms | ||
1st c. sg. (my) | ܐܝܕܝ | ܐܝܕܝ |
2nd m. sg. (your) | ܐܝܕܟ | ܐܝܕܝܟ |
2nd f. sg. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܝ | ܐܝܕܝܟܝ |
3rd m. sg. (his) | ܐܝܕܗ | ܐܝܕܘܗܝ |
3rd f. sg. (her) | ܐܝܕܗ | ܐܝܕܝܗ |
1st c. pl. (our) | ܐܝܕܢ | ܐܝܕܝܢ |
2nd m. pl. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܘܢ | ܐܝܕܝܟܘܢ |
2nd f. pl. (your) | ܐܝܕܟܝܢ | ܐܝܕܝܟܝܢ |
3rd m. pl. (their) | ܐܝܕܗܘܢ | ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ |
3rd f. pl. (their) | ܐܝܕܗܝܢ | ܐܝܕܝܗܝܢ |
References
[edit]- “yd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 136b-137a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 186a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 31b
Turoyo
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic feminine nouns
- aii:Anatomy
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with quotations
- aii:Card games
- aii:Football (soccer)
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic pronouns
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns with irregular gender
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns with irregular inflections
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns with irregular plurals
- Classical Syriac terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Classical Syriac terms with IPA pronunciation
- Classical Syriac lemmas
- Classical Syriac nouns
- Classical Syriac feminine nouns
- syc:Anatomy
- Classical Syriac masculine nouns
- Classical Syriac nouns with irregular gender
- Classical Syriac nouns with irregular inflections
- Classical Syriac nouns with irregular plurals
- syc:Clothing
- Turoyo lemmas
- Turoyo nouns
- Turoyo feminine nouns
- tru:Anatomy