يد

See also: ید‎

Arabic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *yad-, whence was derived the root ي د ي‎ (y-d-y).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jad/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

يَد • (yad) f (dual يَدَان‎ (yadān), plural أَيْدٍ‎ (ʾaydin) or أَيَادٍ‎ (ʾayādin)) (countable)

1. an appendage of a body (as of an animal)

   ‏لِلْأُخْطُبُوطِ ثَمَانِي أَيْدٍ.‎‎ ― lilʾuḵṭubūṭi ṯamānī ʾaydin. ― Octopuses have eight arms.

   Synonyms: ذِرَاع‎ (ḏirāʿ), طَرَف‎ (ṭaraf)

   1. (of quadrupeds, literary) a foreleg

      Coordinate term: رِجْل‎ (rijl, “hind leg”)

   2. (of primates, obsolete) the upper limb, the arm

      Synonym: ذِرَاع‎ (ḏirāʿ)

   3. (of a garment) the covering of the arm, the arm of a garment, the sleeve

      Synonym: كُمّ‎ (kumm)

   4. (by extension) something resembling, likened to, or related to an appendage; including various technical elements perceived as an appendage:
      1. pestle for a mortar (this is the normal term for it in Arabic)

         Synonyms: مِدَقّ‎ (midaqq), (also normal in al-Andalus) دَسْتَج‎ (dastaj)

      2. tiller of a rudder
      3. armrest of an armchair
2. (of primates) the part of the upper limb between the wrist and the fingertips, the terminal portion of the arm, the hand

   Synonym: كَفّ‎ (kaff)

   1. (by extension) the capacity to handle a thing, ability, power, kingship, ownership, help, grip, control, hand, dexterity, métier and so on
3. (al-Andalus, Morocco in the Middle Ages) a unit of measure
   1. flock of sheep
   2. a portion of a meadow snithen by two to three grasscutters or harvestmen in a row
   3. a vine row of 30, 40 or 60 cubits depending on the terrain worked by four vignerons one after the other
      • a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[1], number 2, published 1934, page 247 (٥٥) line 4:

      • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, page 530 line 16:

        the edition is bad and has been corrected here by Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “يد”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 849a

   4. a quire of paper

      Synonyms: رِزْمَة‎ (rizma), حُزْمَة‎ (ḥuzma), كُرَّاسَة‎ (kurrāsa)

Declension

Declension of noun يَد (yad)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	يَد yad	الْيَد‎ al-yad	يَد yad
Nominative	يَدٌ yadun	الْيَدُ‎ al-yadu	يَدُ yadu
Accusative	يَدًا‎ yadan	الْيَدَ‎ al-yada	يَدَ yada
Genitive	يَدٍ yadin	الْيَدِ‎ al-yadi	يَدِ yadi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	يَدَيْن‎ yadayn	الْيَدَيْن‎ al-yadayn	يَدَيْ‎ yaday
Nominative	يَدَانِ‎ yadāni	الْيَدَانِ‎ al-yadāni	يَدَا‎ yadā
Accusative	يَدَيْنِ‎ yadayni	الْيَدَيْنِ‎ al-yadayni	يَدَيْ‎ yaday
Genitive	يَدَيْنِ‎ yadayni	الْيَدَيْنِ‎ al-yadayni	يَدَيْ‎ yaday
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـٍ (-in)‎; broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَيْدِي‎‎; أَيَادِي‎ ʾaydī‎; ʾayādī	الْأَيْدِي‎‎; الْأَيَادِي‎ al-ʾaydī‎; al-ʾayādī	أَيْدِي‎‎; أَيَادِي‎ ʾaydī‎; ʾayādī
Nominative	أَيْدٍ‎‎; أَيَادٍ‎ ʾaydin‎; ʾayādin	الْأَيْدِي‎‎; الْأَيَادِي‎ al-ʾaydī‎; al-ʾayādī	أَيْدِي‎‎; أَيَادِي‎ ʾaydī‎; ʾayādī
Accusative	أَيْدِيًا‎‎; أَيَادِيَ‎ ʾaydiyan‎; ʾayādiya	الْأَيْدِيَ‎‎; الْأَيَادِيَ‎ al-ʾaydiya‎; al-ʾayādiya	أَيْدِيَ‎‎; أَيَادِيَ‎ ʾaydiya‎; ʾayādiya
Genitive	أَيْدٍ‎‎; أَيَادٍ‎ ʾaydin‎; ʾayādin	الْأَيْدِي‎‎; الْأَيَادِي‎ al-ʾaydī‎; al-ʾayādī	أَيْدِي‎‎; أَيَادِي‎ ʾaydī‎; ʾayādī

Related terms

• يَدَوِيّ‎ (yadawiyy, “manual”, adjective)
• يَدِيّ‎ (yadiyy, “manual”, adjective)
• يَدَى‎ (yadā, “to hurt the hand; to service”, verb)
• يَادَى‎ (yādā, “to retribute”, verb)
• أَيْدَى‎ (ʾaydā, “to corroborate, to give hand to”, verb)

Descendants

• Egyptian Arabic: ايد‎ (īd)
• Gulf Arabic: ايد‎ (īd)
• Maltese: id, jedd
• Moroccan Arabic: يد‎ (yadd, yidd), ايد‎ (ʔīd)

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “يد”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 849–850
• Freytag, Georg (1837), “يد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 516–517
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “يد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 1623–1626
• Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135), “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII^e siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎^[2] (in French), issue 2, published 1934, page 299
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “يد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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Moroccan Arabic

Alternative forms

• ايد‎ (ʔīd)

Etymology

From Arabic يَد‎ (yad).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jadː/, /jidː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

يَد or يِد • (yadd or yidd) f (dual يَدين‎ (yaddayn) or يِدين‎ (yiddayn), plural يَدين‎ (yaddīn) or يِدين‎ (yiddīn))

1. (anatomy) hand