कूप

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kúHpas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kúHpas, from Proto-Indo-European *kúHp-o-s, from *kuHp- (“water vessel; hollow”). Cognate with Latin cupa, Ancient Greek κύπη (kúpē, “gap, hollow”), κύπελλον (kúpellon), Old English hyf (whence English hive).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kúː.pɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkuː.pɐ/

Noun

कूप • (kū́pa) stem, m

1. a well; a hole dug in the ground as a source of water
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.105.17:

     त्रितः कूपेऽवहितो देवान्हवत ऊतये।
     तच्छुश्राव बृहस्पतिः कृण्वन्नंहूरणादुरु वित्तं मे अस्य रोदसी॥

     tritaḥ kūpeʼvahito devānhavata ūtaye.
     tacchuśrāva bṛhaspatiḥ kṛṇvannaṃhūraṇāduru vittaṃ me asya rodasī.

     Tṛta, when buried in the well, calls on the Gods to succour him.
     That call of his Bṛhaspati heard and released him from distress. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.

2. hole, cavity
3. leather oil vessel
4. cave

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कूप (kū́pa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कूपः kū́paḥ	कूपौ / कूपा¹ kū́pau / kū́pā¹	कूपाः / कूपासः¹ kū́pāḥ / kū́pāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कूप kū́pa	कूपौ / कूपा¹ kū́pau / kū́pā¹	कूपाः / कूपासः¹ kū́pāḥ / kū́pāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कूपम् kū́pam	कूपौ / कूपा¹ kū́pau / kū́pā¹	कूपान् kū́pān
Instrumental	कूपेन kū́pena	कूपाभ्याम् kū́pābhyām	कूपैः / कूपेभिः¹ kū́paiḥ / kū́pebhiḥ¹
Dative	कूपाय kū́pāya	कूपाभ्याम् kū́pābhyām	कूपेभ्यः kū́pebhyaḥ
Ablative	कूपात् kū́pāt	कूपाभ्याम् kū́pābhyām	कूपेभ्यः kū́pebhyaḥ
Genitive	कूपस्य kū́pasya	कूपयोः kū́payoḥ	कूपानाम् kū́pānām
Locative	कूपे kū́pe	कूपयोः kū́payoḥ	कूपेषु kū́peṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• • Kalasha: kuí
• • Assamese: কুঁৱা (kũwa)
  • Bengali: কুয়া (kuẏa)
• • Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘳𑘮𑘰 (kuhā)
• Pali: kepa
• ,
  • Nepali: कुवा (kuwā)
  • Old Gujarati:
    • Gujarati: કૂવો (kūvo)
    • Mewari: कूड़ो (kūṛo)
  • Old Hindi: कुआ (kuā)
    • Hindi: कुँआ (kũā)
  • Punjabi: ਖੂਹ (khūh)
• → Telugu: కూపము (kūpamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “कूप”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 300/1.