चक्षु

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्षु (cakṣu). Doublet of चाख (cākh) and चश्म (caśma).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃək.ʂuː/, [t͡ʃɐk.ʃuː]

Noun

चक्षु • (cakṣu) m (Urdu spelling چکشو)

1. eye

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:आँख

Declension

Declension of चक्षु (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षु cakṣu
oblique	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओं cakṣuõ
vocative	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओ cakṣuo

References

• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “चक्षु”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “चक्षु”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चक्षु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884) “चक्षु”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• চক্ষু (Assamese script)
• ᬘᬓ᭄ᬱᬸ (Balinese script)
• চক্ষু (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• စက္ၑု (Burmese script)
• ચક્ષુ (Gujarati script)
• ਚਕ੍ਸ਼ੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌚𑌕𑍍𑌷𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ꦕꦏ꧀ꦰꦸ (Javanese script)
• 𑂒𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂳 (Kaithi script)
• ಚಕ್ಷು (Kannada script)
• ចក្ឞុ (Khmer script)
• ຈກ຺ຩຸ (Lao script)
• ചക്ഷു (Malayalam script)
• ᢜᠠᡬᢢᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘓𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᢉᢔᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦳𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐸 (Newa script)
• ଚକ୍ଷୁ (Odia script)
• ꢗꢒ꣄ꢰꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖲 (Siddham script)
• චක්‍ෂු (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩡𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩒 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚏𑚊𑚶𑚰 (Takri script)
• சக்ஷு (Tamil script)
• చక్షు (Telugu script)
• จกฺษุ (Thai script)
• ཙ་ཀྵུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨣𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čákšuš (“eye”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷé-kʷḱ-u-s, from *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”). Cognate with Persian چشم (čašm, “eye”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ́k.ʂu/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐk.ʂu/

Noun

चक्षु • (cákṣu) stem, m

1. the eye
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.90.13:

     चन्द्रमा मनसो जातश्चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत ।
     मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ॥

     candramā manaso jātaścakṣoḥ sūryo ajāyata.
     mukhādindraścāgniśca prāṇādvāyurajāyata.

     The Moon was gendered from his mind, and from his eye the Sun was born;
     Indra and Agni from his mouth were born, and Vāyu from his breath.

2. name of a prince
3. the Oxus river. (for वक्षु (vakṣú))

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of चक्षु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चक्षुः (cákṣuḥ)	चक्षू (cákṣū)	चक्षवः (cákṣavaḥ)
vocative	चक्षो (cákṣo)	चक्षू (cákṣū)	चक्षवः (cákṣavaḥ)
accusative	चक्षुम् (cákṣum)	चक्षू (cákṣū)	चक्षून् (cákṣūn)
instrumental	चक्षुणा (cákṣuṇā) चक्ष्वा¹ (cákṣvā¹)	चक्षुभ्याम् (cákṣubhyām)	चक्षुभिः (cákṣubhiḥ)
dative	चक्षवे (cákṣave)	चक्षुभ्याम् (cákṣubhyām)	चक्षुभ्यः (cákṣubhyaḥ)
ablative	चक्षोः (cákṣoḥ)	चक्षुभ्याम् (cákṣubhyām)	चक्षुभ्यः (cákṣubhyaḥ)
genitive	चक्षोः (cákṣoḥ)	चक्ष्वोः (cákṣvoḥ)	चक्षूणाम् (cákṣūṇām)
locative	चक्षौ (cákṣau)	चक्ष्वोः (cákṣvoḥ)	चक्षुषु (cákṣuṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Related terms

• चक्षुस् (cakṣus)

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼 (cakkhu)
  • Kamarupi Prakrit:
    • Early Assamese: চখু (cokhu)
      • Assamese: চকু (soku)
    • Kamta: চখু (sokhu)
  • Bengali: চোখ (cōkh)
  • Rohingya: suk / 𐴏𐴟𐴑 (suk)
  • Sylheti: ꠌꠃꠇ (souk)
• Pali: cakkhu
• Sauraseni Prakrit:
  • Braj: चाख (cākh), चाष (cāṣ)
  • Gujarati: ચાખ (cākh)
• → Telugu: చక్షువు (cakṣuvu)
• → Thai: จักษุ (jàk-sù)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “चक्षु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 382/1.