दुग्ध

See also: देग्धि

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá). Doublet of दूध (dūdh).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /d̪ʊɡd̪ʱ/

Noun

दुग्ध • (dugdh) m (Urdu spelling دگدهہ)

1. (formal, chiefly compounds) milk, dairy

   Synonyms: दूध (dūdh), शीर (śīr)

   विश्व दुग्ध दिवस ― viśva dugdh divas ― World Milk Day

Declension

Declension of दुग्ध (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	दुग्ध dugdh	दुग्ध dugdh
oblique	दुग्ध dugdh	दुग्धों dugdhõ
vocative	दुग्ध dugdh	दुग्धो dugdho

Adjective

दुग्ध • (dugdh)

1. of or relating to milk/dairy

   दुग्ध चूर्ण ― dugdh cūrṇ ― milk powder

2. milked

References

• Platts, John T. (1884) “दुग्ध”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दुग्ध”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “दुग्ध”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दुग्ध”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दुग्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• দুগ্ধ (Assamese script)
• ᬤᬸᬕ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
• দুগ্ধ (Bengali script)
• 𑰟𑰲𑰐𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
• ဒုဂ္ဓ (Burmese script)
• દુગ્ધ (Gujarati script)
• ਦੁਗ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌦𑍁𑌗𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
• ꦢꦸꦒ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
• 𑂠𑂳𑂏𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
• ದುಗ್ಧ (Kannada script)
• ទុគ្ធ (Khmer script)
• ທຸຄ຺ຘ (Lao script)
• ദുഗ്ധ (Malayalam script)
• ᡩᡠᡤᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘟𑘳𑘐𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
• ᢑᠤᠺᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦿𑧔𑦰𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
• ଦୁଗ୍ଧ (Odia script)
• ꢣꢸꢔ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆢𑆶𑆓𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
• 𑖟𑖲𑖐𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
• දුග්‍ධ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩭𑩒𑩞 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚛𑚰𑚌𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
• து³க்³த⁴ (Tamil script)
• దుగ్ధ (Telugu script)
• ทุคฺธ (Thai script)
• དུ་གྡྷ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒠𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨛𑨃𑨍𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be yield”). Synchronically analyzable as the past passive participle of the root of दोग्धि (dógdhi, “to milk”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /duɡ.dʱɐ́/, [duɡ̚.dʱɐ́]
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪uɡ.d̪ʱɐ/, [ˈd̪uɡ̚.d̪ʱɐ]

Participle

दुग्ध • (dugdhá) (root दुह्)

1. past passive participle of दुह् (duh)
2. milked, milked out, extracted
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.97.11:

     अध॒ धार॑या॒ मध्वा॑ पृचा॒नस्ति॒रो रोम॑ पवते॒ अद्रि॑दुग्धः।
     इन्दु॒रिन्द्र॑स्य स॒ख्यं जु॑षा॒णो दे॒वो दे॒वस्य॑ मत्स॒रो मदा॑य॥

     ádha dhā́rayā mádhvā pṛcānástiró róma pavate ádridugdhaḥ.
     índuríndrasya sakhyáṃ juṣāṇó devó devásya matsaró mádāya.

     Milked forth by the stones the Soma flows through the sheep's hair coming into contact with the gods with its sweet-flavoured stream; the divine exhilarating Indu desiring the friendship of Indra flows for the exhilaration of the deity.

3. sucked out, impoverished
4. milked together, accumulated, filled, full

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of दुग्ध (dugdhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दुग्धः dugdháḥ	दुग्धौ / दुग्धा¹ dugdhaú / dugdhā́¹	दुग्धाः / दुग्धासः¹ dugdhā́ḥ / dugdhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	दुग्ध dúgdha	दुग्धौ / दुग्धा¹ dúgdhau / dúgdhā¹	दुग्धाः / दुग्धासः¹ dúgdhāḥ / dúgdhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	दुग्धम् dugdhám	दुग्धौ / दुग्धा¹ dugdhaú / dugdhā́¹	दुग्धान् dugdhā́n
Instrumental	दुग्धेन dugdhéna	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धैः / दुग्धेभिः¹ dugdhaíḥ / dugdhébhiḥ¹
Dative	दुग्धाय dugdhā́ya	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Ablative	दुग्धात् dugdhā́t	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Genitive	दुग्धस्य dugdhásya	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धानाम् dugdhā́nām
Locative	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धेषु dugdhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of दुग्धा (dugdhā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दुग्धा dugdhā́	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धाः dugdhā́ḥ
Vocative	दुग्धे dúgdhe	दुग्धे dúgdhe	दुग्धाः dúgdhāḥ
Accusative	दुग्धाम् dugdhā́m	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धाः dugdhā́ḥ
Instrumental	दुग्धया / दुग्धा¹ dugdháyā / dugdhā́¹	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धाभिः dugdhā́bhiḥ
Dative	दुग्धायै dugdhā́yai	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धाभ्यः dugdhā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	दुग्धायाः / दुग्धायै² dugdhā́yāḥ / dugdhā́yai²	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धाभ्यः dugdhā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	दुग्धायाः / दुग्धायै² dugdhā́yāḥ / dugdhā́yai²	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धानाम् dugdhā́nām
Locative	दुग्धायाम् dugdhā́yām	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धासु dugdhā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of दुग्ध (dugdhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दुग्धम् dugdhám	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dugdhā́ni / dugdhā́¹
Vocative	दुग्ध dúgdha	दुग्धे dúgdhe	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dúgdhāni / dúgdhā¹
Accusative	दुग्धम् dugdhám	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dugdhā́ni / dugdhā́¹
Instrumental	दुग्धेन dugdhéna	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धैः / दुग्धेभिः¹ dugdhaíḥ / dugdhébhiḥ¹
Dative	दुग्धाय dugdhā́ya	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Ablative	दुग्धात् dugdhā́t	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Genitive	दुग्धस्य dugdhásya	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धानाम् dugdhā́nām
Locative	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धेषु dugdhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

दुग्ध • (dugdhá) stem, n (root दुह्)

1. milk
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.19.4:

     प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्ध॒: शश्व॑तो॒ दभ॑:॥

     priyáṃ dugdháṃ ná kā́myamájāmi jāmyóḥ sácā. gharmó ná vā́jajaṭharóʼdabdha: śáśvato dábha:.

     May Agni with his two relatives, heaven and earth, hear this faultless praise, acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.

   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.2.10.2:

     श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...

     śvetāyai śvetavatsāyai dugdhaṃ mathitamājyamabhavatyajyaṃ prokṣaṇamājyena mārjayante...

     The butter is churned from the milk of a white (cow) with a white calf; butter is used for the sprinkling, and they purify themselves with butter...

2. the milky juice of plants, sap

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of दुग्ध (dugdhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दुग्धम् dugdhám	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dugdhā́ni / dugdhā́¹
Vocative	दुग्ध dúgdha	दुग्धे dúgdhe	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dúgdhāni / dúgdhā¹
Accusative	दुग्धम् dugdhám	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धानि / दुग्धा¹ dugdhā́ni / dugdhā́¹
Instrumental	दुग्धेन dugdhéna	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धैः / दुग्धेभिः¹ dugdhaíḥ / dugdhébhiḥ¹
Dative	दुग्धाय dugdhā́ya	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Ablative	दुग्धात् dugdhā́t	दुग्धाभ्याम् dugdhā́bhyām	दुग्धेभ्यः dugdhébhyaḥ
Genitive	दुग्धस्य dugdhásya	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धानाम् dugdhā́nām
Locative	दुग्धे dugdhé	दुग्धयोः dugdháyoḥ	दुग्धेषु dugdhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• गोदुग्ध (godugdha)

Descendants

• Rajbanshi: दुऩि (dunhi)
• Kashmiri: دۄد (dọd)
• Pali: duddha
• Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha) (see there for further descendants)
• → Bengali: দুগ্ধ (dugdho)
• → Hindi: दुग्ध (dugdh) (learned)
• → Kannada: ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha)
• → Tamil: துத்தம் (tuttam)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “दुग्ध”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0483/3.