पशु

See also: पशू, पिश, पेश, पेशा, and पेशी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पशु (paśu). Doublet of पस (pas).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /pə.ʃuː/, [pɐ.ʃuː]

Noun

पशु • (paśu) m (Urdu spelling پشو)

1. domesticated animal
2. (rare, chiefly in compounds) cattle

Declension

Declension of पशु (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पशु paśu	पशु paśu
oblique	पशु paśu	पशुओं paśuõ
vocative	पशु paśu	पशुओ paśuo

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “पशु”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 2899
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “पशु”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 410
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पशु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 614
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “पशु”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 381.

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• পশু (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬰᬸ (Balinese script)
• পশু (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰫𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀰𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• ပၐု (Burmese script)
• પશુ (Gujarati script)
• ਪਸ਼ੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌶𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦯꦸ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂬𑂳 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಶು (Kannada script)
• បឝុ (Khmer script)
• ປຨຸ (Lao script)
• പശു (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠᡧᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘫𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᠱᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧋𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐱𑐸 (Newa script)
• ପଶୁ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢯꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆯𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖫𑖲 (Siddham script)
• පශු (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩿𑩒 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚧𑚰 (Takri script)
• பஶு (Tamil script)
• పశు (Telugu script)
• ปศุ (Thai script)
• པ་ཤུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒬𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨮𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peḱ-

Proto-Indo-European *péḱu

Proto-Indo-Iranian *páću

Sanskrit पशु

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *páću, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“cattle, livestock”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎 (pasu, “livestock”), Latin pecū (“cattle”), Old English feoh (“livestock, cattle”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿 (faihu, “cattle”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɐ.ɕú/, /pɐ́.ɕu/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɐ.ɕu/

Noun

प॒शु or पशु॑ • (paśú or páśu) stem, m or n

1. cattle, kine
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.62.14:

     सोमो॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ द्वि॒पदे॒ चतु॑ष्पदे च प॒शवे॑ ।
     अ॒न॒मी॒वा इष॑स्करत् ॥

     sómo asmábhyaṃ dvipáde cátuṣpade ca paśáve.
     anamīvā́ íṣaskarat.

     May Soma grant us and our cattle nutritious food,
     To two-footed (humans) and to quadruped (animals).

2. any domesticated animal
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of प॒शु

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	प॒शुः (paśúḥ)	प॒शू (paśū́)	प॒शवः॑ (paśávaḥ)
accusative	प॒शुम् (paśúm)	प॒शू (paśū́)	प॒शून् (paśū́n)
instrumental	प॒शुना॑ (paśúnā) प॒श्वा¹ (paśvā́¹)	प॒शुभ्या॑म् (paśúbhyām)	प॒शुभिः॑ (paśúbhiḥ)
dative	प॒शवे॑ (paśáve) प॒श्वे¹ (paśvé¹)	प॒शुभ्या॑म् (paśúbhyām)	प॒शुभ्यः॑ (paśúbhyaḥ)
ablative	प॒शोः (paśóḥ) प॒श्वः¹ (paśváḥ¹)	प॒शुभ्या॑म् (paśúbhyām)	प॒शुभ्यः॑ (paśúbhyaḥ)
genitive	प॒शोः (paśóḥ) प॒श्वः¹ (paśváḥ¹)	प॒श्वोः (paśvóḥ)	प॒शू॒नाम् (paśūnā́m)
locative	प॒शौ (paśáu)	प॒श्वोः (paśvóḥ)	प॒शुषु॑ (paśúṣu)
vocative	पशो॑ (páśo)	पशू॑ (páśū)	पश॑वः (páśavaḥ)

• ¹Vedic

Neuter u-stem declension of पशु॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पशु॑ (páśu)	पशु॑नी (páśunī) पश्वी॑¹ (páśvī¹)	पशू॑नि (páśūni) पशु॑¹ (páśu¹) पशू॑¹ (páśū¹)
accusative	पशु॑ (páśu)	पशु॑नी (páśunī) पश्वी॑¹ (páśvī¹)	पशू॑नि (páśūni) पशु॑¹ (páśu¹) पशू॑¹ (páśū¹)
instrumental	पशु॑ना (páśunā)	पशु॑भ्याम् (páśubhyām)	पशु॑भिः (páśubhiḥ)
dative	पशु॑ने (páśune) पश॑वे¹ (páśave¹) पश्वे॑¹ (páśve¹)	पशु॑भ्याम् (páśubhyām)	पशु॑भ्यः (páśubhyaḥ)
ablative	पशु॑नः (páśunaḥ) पशोः॑¹ (páśoḥ¹) पश्वः॑¹ (páśvaḥ¹)	पशु॑भ्याम् (páśubhyām)	पशु॑भ्यः (páśubhyaḥ)
genitive	पशु॑नः (páśunaḥ) पशोः॑¹ (páśoḥ¹) पश्वः॑¹ (páśvaḥ¹)	पशु॑नोः (páśunoḥ) पश्वोः॑¹ (páśvoḥ¹)	पशू॑नाम् (páśūnām)
locative	पशु॑नि (páśuni) पशौ॑¹ (páśau¹)	पशु॑नोः (páśunoḥ) पश्वोः॑¹ (páśvoḥ¹)	पशु॑षु (páśuṣu)
vocative	पशु॑ (páśu) पशो॑ (páśo)	पशु॑नी (páśunī) पश्वी॑¹ (páśvī¹)	पशू॑नि (páśūni) पशु॑¹ (páśu¹) पशू॑¹ (páśū¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पशव्य (paśavyà)
• पशुपति (paśupáti)
• पशुमन्त् (paśumánt)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀲𑀼 (pasu), 𐨤𐨭𐨂 (paśu) (Northwest)
  • Gandhari: 𐨤𐨭𐨂 (paśu)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: পহু (pohu), পশু (poxu)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀲𑀼 (pasu)
    • Marathi: पशू (paśū)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Punjabi: ਪਸੂ (pasū)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀲𑀼 (pasu)
    • Hindi: पस (pas, “heifer”)
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: پۆش (poś)
• Pali: pasu
  • ⇒ Pali: pasuka
  • → Old Kannada: ಪಸು (pasu)
    • Kannada: ಹಸು (hasu)
• → Cebuano: pasong
• → Kannada: ಪಶು (paśu)
• → Malayalam: പശു (paśu)
• → Tamil: பசு (pacu)
• → Telugu: పశువు (paśuvu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “पशु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 611, column 2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 108