फेन

See also: फ़ोन and फ़ानी

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ফেন (Assamese script)
• ᬨᬾᬦ (Balinese script)
• ফেন (Bengali script)
• 𑰣𑰸𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀨𑁂𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဖေန (Burmese script)
• ફેન (Gujarati script)
• ਫੇਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌫𑍇𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦦꦺꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂤𑂵𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಫೇನ (Kannada script)
• ផេន (Khmer script)
• ເຜນ (Lao script)
• ഫേന (Malayalam script)
• ᡦᡝᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘣𑘹𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠹᠧᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧃𑧚𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐦𑐾𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଫେନ (Odia script)
• ꢧꢾꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆦𑆼𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖣𑖸𑖡 (Siddham script)
• ඵෙන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩱𑩔𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚟𑚲𑚝 (Takri script)
• பே²ந (Tamil script)
• ఫేన (Telugu script)
• เผน (Thai script)
• ཕེ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒤𑒹𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨟𑨄𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pʰáynas (“foam, saliva”). Cognate with Lithuanian spáinė, Russian пе́на (péna), Latin pūmex (“pumice”), spuma (“froth”), Old English fām (whence English foam).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pʰɐ́j.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pʰeː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

फेन॑ • (phéna) stem, m or n

1. foam, froth, scum
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.14.13:

     अपां फेनेन नमुचेः शिर इन्द्रोदवर्तयः ।

     apāṃ phenena namuceḥ śira indrodavartayaḥ.

     With waters' foam thou torest off, Indra, the head of Namuci

2. moisture of the lips, saliva
3. white cuttlefish bone, supposed to be indurated foam of the sea

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of फेन॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	फेनः॑ (phénaḥ)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेनाः॑ (phénāḥ) फेना॑सः¹ (phénāsaḥ¹)
accusative	फेन॑म् (phénam)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेना॑न् (phénān)
instrumental	फेने॑न (phénena)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेनैः॑ (phénaiḥ) फेने॑भिः¹ (phénebhiḥ¹)
dative	फेना॑य (phénāya)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
ablative	फेना॑त् (phénāt)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
genitive	फेन॑स्य (phénasya)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेना॑नाम् (phénānām)
locative	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेने॑षु (phéneṣu)
vocative	फेन॑ (phéna)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेनाः॑ (phénāḥ) फेना॑सः¹ (phénāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of फेन॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	फेन॑म् (phénam)	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेना॑नि (phénāni) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)
accusative	फेन॑म् (phénam)	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेना॑नि (phénāni) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)
instrumental	फेने॑न (phénena)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेनैः॑ (phénaiḥ) फेने॑भिः¹ (phénebhiḥ¹)
dative	फेना॑य (phénāya)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
ablative	फेना॑त् (phénāt)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
genitive	फेन॑स्य (phénasya)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेना॑नाम् (phénānām)
locative	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेने॑षु (phéneṣu)
vocative	फेन॑ (phéna)	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेना॑नि (phénāni) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• फेनक (phenaka)

Proper noun

फेन॑ • (phéna) stem, m

1. name of a man

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of फेन॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	फेनः॑ (phénaḥ)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेनाः॑ (phénāḥ) फेना॑सः¹ (phénāsaḥ¹)
accusative	फेन॑म् (phénam)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेना॑न् (phénān)
instrumental	फेने॑न (phénena)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेनैः॑ (phénaiḥ) फेने॑भिः¹ (phénebhiḥ¹)
dative	फेना॑य (phénāya)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
ablative	फेना॑त् (phénāt)	फेना॑भ्याम् (phénābhyām)	फेने॑भ्यः (phénebhyaḥ)
genitive	फेन॑स्य (phénasya)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेना॑नाम् (phénānām)
locative	फेने॑ (phéne)	फेन॑योः (phénayoḥ)	फेने॑षु (phéneṣu)
vocative	फेन॑ (phéna)	फेनौ॑ (phénau) फेना॑¹ (phénā¹)	फेनाः॑ (phénāḥ) फेना॑सः¹ (phénāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pheṇa
• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: phénu
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Assamese: ফেন (phen)
  • Bengali: ফেনা (phena)
• → Tamil: பேனம் (pēṉam)
• → Malayalam: ഫേനം (phēnaṁ)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “फेन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 718, column 3.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “phena”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.