भ्रम

See also: भ्रम्

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भ्रम (bhrama).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /bʱɾəm/, [bʱɾɐ̃m]

Noun

भ्रम • (bhram) m

1. misconception, mistaken view

   Synonyms: ग़लतफ़हमी (ġaltafahmī), वहम (vaham)

   भ्रम होना ― bhram honā ― to be mistaken

   भ्रम पैदा करना ― bhram paidā karnā ― to confuse

Declension

Declension of भ्रम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	भ्रम bhram	भ्रम bhram
oblique	भ्रम bhram	भ्रमों bhramõ
vocative	भ्रम bhram	भ्रमो bhramo

Derived terms

• भ्रमित (bhramit)
• भ्रामक (bhrāmak)
• दृष्टिभ्रम (dŕṣṭibhram)
• मतिभ्रम (matibhram)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “भ्रम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ভ্ৰম (Assamese script)
• ᬪ᭄ᬭᬫ (Balinese script)
• ভ্রম (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰿𑰨𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀪𑁆𑀭𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• ဘြမ (Burmese script)
• ભ્રમ (Gujarati script)
• ਭ੍ਰਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑍍𑌰𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦿꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂹𑂩𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಭ್ರಮ (Kannada script)
• ភ្រម (Khmer script)
• ຠ຺ຣມ (Lao script)
• ഭ്രമ (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᡵᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘿𑘨𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠷᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧠𑧈𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑑂𑐬𑐩 (Newa script)
• ଭ୍ରମ (Odia script)
• ꢩ꣄ꢬꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑇀𑆫𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖿𑖨𑖦 (Siddham script)
• භ්‍රම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳 𑪙𑩼𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚶𑚤𑚢 (Takri script)
• ப்⁴ரம (Tamil script)
• భ్రమ (Telugu script)
• ภฺรม (Thai script)
• བྷྲ་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑩇𑨫𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰremH-?

Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰramH-?

Sanskrit भ्रम् (bhram)

Sanskrit -अ (-a)

Sanskrit भ्रम

From भ्रम् (bhram) + -अ (-a).

Noun

भ्रम • (bhrama) stem, m

1. wandering or roaming about, roving over or through (comp.) Kathās.
2. moving about, rolling (as of the eyes) Rājat.
3. turning round, revolving, rotation (acc. with √ दा = to swing) MBh. Sūryas. Hcat.
4. a whirling flame RV.
5. a whirlpool, eddy Prab.
6. a spring, fountain, watercourse L.
7. a potter's wheel Sāṃkhyak.
8. a grindstone
9. a gimlet or auger L.
10. a circle Āryabh.
11. giddiness, dizziness Suṡr.
12. confusion, perplexity, error, mistake (ifc. mistaking anything for) Hariv. Kāv. Rājat. &c.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भ्रम

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भ्रमः (bhramaḥ)	भ्रमौ (bhramau) भ्रमा¹ (bhramā¹)	भ्रमाः (bhramāḥ) भ्रमासः¹ (bhramāsaḥ¹)
accusative	भ्रमम् (bhramam)	भ्रमौ (bhramau) भ्रमा¹ (bhramā¹)	भ्रमान् (bhramān)
instrumental	भ्रमेण (bhrameṇa)	भ्रमाभ्याम् (bhramābhyām)	भ्रमैः (bhramaiḥ) भ्रमेभिः¹ (bhramebhiḥ¹)
dative	भ्रमाय (bhramāya)	भ्रमाभ्याम् (bhramābhyām)	भ्रमेभ्यः (bhramebhyaḥ)
ablative	भ्रमात् (bhramāt)	भ्रमाभ्याम् (bhramābhyām)	भ्रमेभ्यः (bhramebhyaḥ)
genitive	भ्रमस्य (bhramasya)	भ्रमयोः (bhramayoḥ)	भ्रमाणाम् (bhramāṇām)
locative	भ्रमे (bhrame)	भ्रमयोः (bhramayoḥ)	भ्रमेषु (bhrameṣu)
vocative	भ्रम (bhrama)	भ्रमौ (bhramau) भ्रमा¹ (bhramā¹)	भ्रमाः (bhramāḥ) भ्रमासः¹ (bhramāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫 (bhama, “wandering, error”)
  • Eastern:
    • Assamese: ভুৱা (bhua)
• → Punjabi: (semi-learned)

  Gurmukhi script: ਭਰਮ (bharam)

  Shahmukhi script: بھرم (bhram)

• → Tamil: பிரமை (piramai)
• → Hindi: भ्रम (bhram)
• → Hindustani: (semi-learned)
  • Hindi: भरम (bharam)
  • Urdu: بھرم (bharam)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “भ्रम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 769/3.