यकृत्

See also: याक़ूत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• যকৃত্ (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬓᬺᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
• যকৃত্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰎𑰴𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀓𑀾𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ယကၖတ် (Burmese script)
• યકૃત્ (Gujarati script)
• ਯਕ੍ਰਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑌕𑍃𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦏꦽꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂍𑃂𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಯಕೃತ್ (Kannada script)
• យក្ឫត៑ (Khmer script)
• ຍກ຺ຣິຕ຺ (Lao script)
• യകൃത് (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᠠᡬᡵᡳᢠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘎𑘵𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠠᢉᠷᠢᢐ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑦮𑧖𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐎𑐺𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଯକୃତ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢫꢒꢺꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆑𑆸𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖎𑖴𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
• යකෘත් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩜𑩙𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚊𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
• யக்ரித் (Tamil script)
• యకృత్ (Telugu script)
• ยกฺฤตฺ (Thai script)
• ཡ་ཀྲྀ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒏𑒵𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yákr̥ (“liver”), from Proto-Indo-European *yókʷr̥ (“liver”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆 (yākar^ə), Persian جگر (jegar), Latin iecur, Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.kr̩t/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /jɐ.kr̩t̪/

Noun

यकृत् • (yákṛt) stem, n

1. the liver
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.163.3:

     यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥

     yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te.

     From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.

Declension

Declension of यकृत्

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
accusative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
instrumental	यक्ना (yaknā)	—	—
dative	—	—	—
ablative	यक्नः/यकृतः (yaknaḥ/yakṛtaḥ)	—	—
genitive	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)	—	—
locative	यकृति (yakṛti)	—	—
vocative	—	—	—

Descendants

• Dardic: (< यकन् (yakan))
  • Kalami: [script needed] (yān)
  • Kalasha: žạ́ŋgu
  • Khowar: ݰیغُن (ṣéġun)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)
  • Shina: [script needed] (yum)
  • Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)
• Pali: yaka, yakana
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)
  • Sindhi: जेरो (jero)
• → Kannada: ಯಕೃತ್ತು (yakṛttu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “यकृत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 838, column 2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “yákar-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 391
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “yákr̥t”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press