लज्जा

See also: लज्ज् and लज़ीज़

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लज्जा (lajjā), from the root लस्ज् (lasj, “to feel shame, to blush”). Doublet of लाज (lāj).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ləd̪.d͡ʒɑː/, [lɐd̚.d͡ʒäː]

Noun

लज्जा • (lajjā) f

1. shame

   Synonyms: लाज (lāj), शर्म (śarm)

   उसे मारने के बाद, हत्यारे को कोई लज्जा नहीं हुई।

   use mārne ke bād, hatyāre ko koī lajjā nahī̃ huī.

   After killing him, the murderer felt no shame.

2. shyness

   Synonyms: लाज (lāj), शर्म (śarm)

   लज्जा स्त्रियों का गुण है।

   lajjā striyõ kā guṇ hai.

   Shyness is a virtue of the ladies.

Declension

Declension of लज्जा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	लज्जा lajjā	लज्जाएँ lajjāẽ
oblique	लज्जा lajjā	लज्जाओं lajjāõ
vocative	लज्जा lajjā	लज्जाओ lajjāo

Derived terms

• लज्जाजनक (lajjājnak, “shameful”)
• लज्जालु (lajjālu, “bashful, shy”)
• लज्जित (lajjit, “ashamed”)

References

• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “लज्जा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Platts, John T. (1884), “लज्जा”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• লজ্জা (Assamese script)
• ᬮᬚ᭄ᬚᬵ (Balinese script)
• লজ্জা (Bengali script)
• 𑰩𑰕𑰿𑰕𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀮𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• လဇ္ဇာ (Burmese script)
• લજ્જા (Gujarati script)
• ਲਜ੍ਜਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌲𑌜𑍍𑌜𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦭꦗ꧀ꦗꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂪𑂔𑂹𑂔𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಲಜ್ಜಾ (Kannada script)
• លជ្ជា (Khmer script)
• ລຊ຺ຊາ (Lao script)
• ലജ്ജാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠯᠠᡯᡯᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘩𑘕𑘿𑘕𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠯᠠᠽᠽᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧉𑦵𑧠𑦵𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐮𑐖𑑂𑐖𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଲଜ୍ଜା (Odia script)
• ꢭꢙ꣄ꢙꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆬𑆘𑇀𑆘𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖩𑖕𑖿𑖕𑖯 (Siddham script)
• ලජ‍්ජා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩽𑩣 𑪙𑩣𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚥𑚑𑚶𑚑𑚭 (Takri script)
• லஜ்ஜா (Tamil script)
• లజ్జా (Telugu script)
• ลชฺชา (Thai script)
• ལ་ཛྫཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒪𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨬𑨥𑩇𑨥𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

See लज्ज् (lajj). Further from the root रज् (raj, “to redden”).

Compare typologically Romanian rușine (akin to Romanian roșu, which is from Latin russus or from roseus).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /lɐd.d͡ʑɑː/, [lɐd̚.d͡ʑɑː]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /l̪ɐd̪.d͡ʑɑː/, [l̪ɐd̪̚.d͡ʑɑː]

Noun

लज्जा • (lajjā) stem, f (root लज्ज्)

1. shame, embarrassment, modesty
2. sensitivity, bashfulness

   लज्जा मा अस्तु। ― lajjā mā astu. ― Don't feel shy.

3. (botany) the sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica)

   Synonym: लज्जालु (lajjālu)

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of लज्जा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	लज्जा (lajjā)	लज्जे (lajje)	लज्जाः (lajjāḥ)
accusative	लज्जाम् (lajjām)	लज्जे (lajje)	लज्जाः (lajjāḥ)
instrumental	लज्जया (lajjayā) लज्जा¹ (lajjā¹)	लज्जाभ्याम् (lajjābhyām)	लज्जाभिः (lajjābhiḥ)
dative	लज्जायै (lajjāyai)	लज्जाभ्याम् (lajjābhyām)	लज्जाभ्यः (lajjābhyaḥ)
ablative	लज्जायाः (lajjāyāḥ) लज्जायै² (lajjāyai²)	लज्जाभ्याम् (lajjābhyām)	लज्जाभ्यः (lajjābhyaḥ)
genitive	लज्जायाः (lajjāyāḥ) लज्जायै² (lajjāyai²)	लज्जयोः (lajjayoḥ)	लज्जानाम् (lajjānām)
locative	लज्जायाम् (lajjāyām)	लज्जयोः (lajjayoḥ)	लज्जासु (lajjāsu)
vocative	लज्जे (lajje)	लज्जे (lajje)	लज्जाः (lajjāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

• लज्जायित (lajjāyita)
• लज्जावत् (lajjāvat)
• लज्जास्पद (lajjāspada)
• सञ्जातलज्ज (sañjātalajja)

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀮𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (lajjā)
  • Assamese: লাজ (laz)
  • Bengali: লাজ (laj)
  • Odia: ନାଜ (nāja)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀮𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (lajjā)
  • Konkani: लज (laz)
  • Marathi: लाज (lāj̈)
• Pali: lajjā
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀮𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (lajjā)
  • Gujarati: લાજ (lāj)
  • Hindi: लाज (lāj)
  • Nepali: लाज (lāj)
  • Punjabi: ਲੱਜ (lajja), ਲਾਜ (lāj)
  • Romani: laʒ, ladž (Pan-Vlax)
    • Caló: lacha
      • → Spanish: lacha
    • Tavringer Romani: ladjas, lajjas, lajvas
      • → Swedish: laja, lajbans
    • Spanish: lache (Andalusia)
• → Kannada: ಲಜ್ಜೆ (lajje)
• → Telugu: లజ్జ (lajja)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “lajjā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press