सार्थ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सार्थ (sārtha). Doublet of साथ (sāth).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sɑːɾt̪ʰ/, [s̪äːɾt̪ʰ]

Noun

सार्थ • (sārth) m (Urdu spelling سارتھ‎)

1. convoy

Declension

Declension of सार्थ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सार्थ sārth	सार्थ sārth
oblique	सार्थ sārth	सार्थों sārthõ
vocative	सार्थ sārth	सार्थो sārtho

Sanskrit

Etymology

Compound of स (sa) +‎ अर्थ (artha).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɑ́ːɾ.tʰɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɑːɾ.t̪ʰɐ/

Noun

सार्थ • (sā́rtha) root form, m

1. crowd, multitude
2. troop
3. convoy, caravan
   • c. 700 CE, Daṇḍin, Daśa-kumāra-carita :

     अथ पानीयार्थिसार्थजनेन समापत्त्या दृष्टोद्धृतं भर्तारमुपलभ्य धूमिन्योक्तम्...

     atha pānīyārthisārthajanena samāpattyā dṛṣṭoddhṛtaṃ bhartāramupalabhya dhūminyoktam...

     when Dhûminî, realizing that (his) husband had been fortuitously spotted (inside the well), lifted and rescued by a passing caravan in need of water, (she) said...

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सार्थ (sā́rtha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सार्थः sā́rthaḥ	सार्थौ sā́rthau	सार्थाः / सार्थासः¹ sā́rthāḥ / sā́rthāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सार्थ sā́rtha	सार्थौ sā́rthau	सार्थाः / सार्थासः¹ sā́rthāḥ / sā́rthāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सार्थम् sā́rtham	सार्थौ sā́rthau	सार्थान् sā́rthān
Instrumental	सार्थेन sā́rthena	सार्थाभ्याम् sā́rthābhyām	सार्थैः / सार्थेभिः¹ sā́rthaiḥ / sā́rthebhiḥ¹
Dative	सार्थाय sā́rthāya	सार्थाभ्याम् sā́rthābhyām	सार्थेभ्यः sā́rthebhyaḥ
Ablative	सार्थात् sā́rthāt	सार्थाभ्याम् sā́rthābhyām	सार्थेभ्यः sā́rthebhyaḥ
Genitive	सार्थस्य sā́rthasya	सार्थयोः sā́rthayoḥ	सार्थानाम् sā́rthānām
Locative	सार्थे sā́rthe	सार्थयोः sā́rthayoḥ	सार्थेषु sā́rtheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• सार्थज (sārthaja, “born or reared in a caravan, tame (as an elephant)”)
• सार्थधर (sārthadhara, “of a caravan leader”)
• सार्थपाल (sārthapāla, “caravan guardian”)
• सार्थपति (sārthapati, “caravan chief”)

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sattha)
  • Bengali: সাথ (śath)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sattha)
  • Marathi: साठी (sāṭhī)
• Pali: sattha
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sattha)
  • Hindi: साथ (sāth)
• → Chinese: 薩寶／萨宝 (sàbǎo), 薩保／萨保 (sàbǎo) (perhaps)
• → Hindi: सार्थ (sārth)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “सार्थ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1209.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “sāˊrtha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press