စ

See also: စာ, စား, ႎ, and ဓ

စ U+1005, စ MYANMAR LETTER CA ← င [U+1004] Myanmar ဆ → [U+1006]

Burmese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa̰/
• Romanization: MLCTS: ca. • ALA-LC: ca • BGN/PCGN: sa. • Okell: sá

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

စ • (ca.)

1. Ca, the 6th letter of the Burmese alphabet.

Derived terms

• ကျောက်စရစ် (kyaukca.rac)
• ကိုယ်စွမ်းကိုယ်စ (kuiycwam:kuiyca.)
• ခြေစလက်စ (hkreca.lakca.)
• ခြောက်စထောင်လှည်း (hkraukca.htaunghlany:)
• ငွေစ (ngweca.)
• ငွေစရွှင် (ngweca.hrwang)
• စာတိုပေစ (catuipeca.)
• ဆံစ (hcamca.)
• ဉာဏ်စွမ်းဉာဏ်စ (nyancwam:nyanca.)
• နှုတ်စလျှာစ (hnutca.hlyaca.)
• ပစ်စလက်ခတ် (pacca.lakhkat)
• ပြုံးစနဲ့နဲ့ (prum:ca.nai.nai.)
• ပုံတိုပတ်စ (pumtuipatca.)
• ပဲစိမ်းစားဥ (pai:cim:ca:u.)
• ဖားဥစွဲ (hpa:u.cwai:)
• မစ (ma.ca.)
• မျက်စပစ် (myakca.pac)
• မျက်စမျက်န (myakca.myakna.)
• မြစ်လိုက်ဥ (mracluik-u.)
• မီးစ (mi:ca.)
• မီးစတစ်ဖက်ရေမှုတ်တစ်ဖက် (mi:ca.tachpak-rehmuttachpak)
• ရွှေတိုငွေစ (hrwetui-ngweca.)
• လက်စလက်န (lakca.lakna.)
• လမ်းဘေးစကြံ (lam:bhe:ca.kram)
• လိပ်စရွေ (lipca.rwe)
• လူစလူန (luca.luna.)
• လူစွမ်းလူစ (lucwam:luca.)
• လူရည်လူစ (luranyluca.)
• သံတိုသံစ (samtuisamca.)
• အင်စ (angca.)
• အစစ (a.ca.ca.)
• အစစအရာရာ (a.ca.ca.a.rara)

Etymology 1

According to Schuessler, related to Old Chinese 之 (OC *tjɯ, “to go, proceed”). An earlier derivation by Luce connects the word to Old Chinese 始 (OC *hljɯʔ, “to begin, start”), 初 (OC *sʰra, “initial, first”).

Verb

စ • (ca.)

1. to begin; to start; to commence

   Synonym: ဦး (u:)

   Antonym: ဆုံး (hcum:)

Derived terms

• ကြင်စဦး (krangca.u:)
• ကွင်းစ (kwang:ca.)
• ခါးပုံစ (hka:pumca.)
• စကားစ (ca.ka:ca.)
• စတင် (ca.tang)
• စတင် (ca.tang, verb)
• စသည် (ca.sany)
• စဦးစွာ (ca.u:cwa, adverb)
• ညားခါစလင်မယား (nya:hkaca.langma.ya:)
• တက်သစ်စ (taksacca.)
• တစ်လက်စတည်း (taclakca.tany:)
• ပြောစဆိုစ (prau:ca.hcuica.)
• ပြောစမှတ် (prau:ca.hmat)
• ပွင့်သစ်စ (pwang.sacca.)
• ပေါက်စ (paukca.)
• မွေးကင်းစ (mwe:kang:ca.)
• မွေးသစ်စ (mwe:sacca.)
• မိုက်စတုံး (muikca.tum:)
• ရန်စ (ranca.)
• လက်ငုတ်လက်စ (lakngutlakca.)
• လက်စ (lakca.)
• လက်စကြွင်း (lakca.krwang:)
• လက်စကြီး (lakca.kri:)
• လက်စတုံး (lakca.tum:)
• လက်စဖျောက် (lakca.hpyauk)
• လက်စသတ် (lakca.sat)
• လက်စသတ်တော့ (lakca.sattau.)
• လက်စသိမ်း (lakca.sim:)
• လမ်းစ (lam:ca.)
• သဲလွန်စ (sai:lwanca.)
• အစ (a.ca., noun)
• အာစရွှင် (aca.hrwang)
• အာစလျှာစ (aca.hlyaca.)
• ဦးသစ်စ (u:sacca.)

Descendants

• → Mon: စ (ca /caʔ/)

Etymology 2

Verb

စ • (ca.)

1. to tease, taunt

Derived terms

• စကားပေါက်စကားစ (ca.ka:paukca.ka:ca.)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

စ • (ca.)

1. euphonic or emphatic particle combined with verbs

Derived terms

• ချစ်စနိုး (hkyacca.nui:)
• စုပ်စမြုပ်စ (cupca.mrupca.)
• ယဉ်စစ (yanyca.ca.)
• ရာရာစစ (raraca.ca.)
• လက်လွတ်စပယ် (laklwatca.pai)
• ဟုတ်စ (hutca.)
• အလျင်စလို (a.lyangca.lui)
• အိုစနာ (uica.na)

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

စ • (ca.)

1. word suffixed to a noun to indicate the smallness of amount involved

Derived terms

• တစ်စတစ်စ (tacca.tacca.)
• တစ်စွန်းတစ်စ (taccwan:tacca.)
• တစ်ပိုင်းတစ်စ (tacpuing:tacca.)
• ဖြတ်စ (hpratca.)
• မဆိုစလောက် (ma.hcuica.lauk)
• မဖြစ်စလောက် (ma.hpracca.lauk)

Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

စ • (ca.)

1. interrogative verbal particle

   Synonym: လား (la:)

   ကြားပါစ ― kra:paca. ― do/did you hear it?

   တွေ့ပါစ ― twe.paca. ― do/did you find it?

   မြင်ပါစ ― mrangpaca. ― do/did you see it?

   ရှိပါစ ― hri.paca. ― is it there?

Further reading

• “စ” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
• “စ, 1; စ, 2” in The Judson Burmese–English Dictionary (Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press 1921), page 340.

Mon

Etymology 1

From Old Mon စ (caʔ), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *caʔ (“to eat”). Cognate with Nyah Kur จาʔ, Khmer ស៊ី (sii).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕiəʔ/

  Note: This pronunciation was developed from Middle Mon in a phonetically irregular manner.

• (Myanmar) IPA^(key): /cɛʔ/
• (Thailand) IPA^(key): /ceaʔ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

စ (ca)

1. Ca, the sixth consonant of the Mon alphabet.

Verb

စ (ca)

1. to eat.
2. to live on, to live (by the revenues of something)
3. to divide (in arithmetic).
4. to take (in chess and other games)
5. {usually as va.} to begin, start {to}, do for the first time.
6. to eat, to live on, by, by the revenues of, govern, to devide {in arithmetic}, to take, in chess and other games, wear away, erode.

Adverb

စ (ca)

1. particle denoting generic or habitual aspect.

Derived terms

(Verbs)

• (causative) ဗ္စ (baca)

(Nouns)

• သွ (swa)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Burmese စ (ca.).

Pronunciation

• (Myanmar, Thailand) IPA^(key): /caʔ/

Verb

စ (ca)

1. to begin; to start.
2. {usually as va.} to begin, start {to}, do for the first time, commence.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ca (Latin script)
• 𑀘 (Brahmi script)
• च (Devanagari script)
• চ (Bengali script)
• ච (Sinhalese script)
• ၸ (Burmese script)
• จ or จะ (Thai script)
• ᨧ (Tai Tham script)
• ຈ or ຈະ (Lao script)
• ច (Khmer script)
• 𑄌 (Chakma script)

Particle

စ

1. Burmese script form of ca (“and”)

S'gaw Karen

Letter

စ • (sa)

1. Ca, the sixth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called စးတဖျၢၣ် (sä ta hpluh̀) in S'gaw Karen.

Western Pwo

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saʔ/

Letter

စ (transliteration needed)

1. The 6th letter of the Western Pwo alphabet, called စၭ in Western Pwo.

Etymology 2

Cognate with S'gaw Karen စီၤ (saw̄), Eastern Pwo စဝ် (cɔ̀).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sə/

Particle

စ (transliteration needed)

1. (honorific) form of address for younger men, prefixed to their proper name Sa, S'

   စဘွၩ

   Sa Bwa/S' Bwa

Coordinate terms

• မၩ့ (for older men)
• နး (for younger women)
• ဂါ (for older women)