ἁψίς

See also: ἀψίς, ἄψις, and ἅψις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓ψῑ́ς (ăpsī́s) — Homeric Epic, Ionic, Koine

Etymology

From ᾰ̔́πτω (hắptō, “to fasten to”) +‎ -σῐς (-sĭs), with compensatory lengthening of the final vowel *ᾰ̔ψσῐ́ς (*hăpssĭ́s) > ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς (hăpsī́s).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hap.sǐːs/ → /apˈsis/ → /apˈsis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hap.sǐːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)apˈsis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /apˈsis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /apˈsis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /apˈsis/

Noun

ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς • (hăpsī́s) f (genitive ᾰ̔ψῖδος); third declension (Attic, late Epic, Ionic, Koine)

1. net; mesh
2. wheel; hoop; disc
3. any curved form: bow; arch; shield; vault

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς; τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hē hăpsī́s	τὼ ᾰ̔ψῖδε tṑ hăpsîde	αἱ ᾰ̔ψῖδες hai hăpsîdes
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος tês hăpsîdos	τοῖν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιν toîn hăpsī́doin	τῶν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δων tôn hăpsī́dōn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̔ψῖδῐ tēî hăpsîdĭ	τοῖν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιν toîn hăpsī́doin	ταῖς ᾰ̔ψῖσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῖσῐν taîs hăpsîsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰ tḕn hăpsîdă	τὼ ᾰ̔ψῖδε tṑ hăpsîde	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰς tā̀s hăpsîdăs
Vocative	ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hăpsī́s	ᾰ̔ψῖδε hăpsîde	ᾰ̔ψῖδες hăpsîdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς; ᾰ̔ψῖδος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hăpsī́s	ᾰ̔ψῖδε hăpsîde	ᾰ̔ψῖδες hăpsîdes
Genitive	ᾰ̔ψῖδος hăpsîdos	ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιῐ̈ν hăpsī́doiĭ̈n	ᾰ̔ψῑ́δων hăpsī́dōn
Dative	ᾰ̔ψῖδῐ hăpsîdĭ	ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιῐ̈ν hăpsī́doiĭ̈n	ᾰ̔ψῖσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῖσῐν / ᾰ̔ψῑ́δεσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῑ́δεσῐν / ᾰ̔ψῑ́δεσσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῑ́δεσσῐν hăpsîsĭ(n) / hăpsī́desĭ(n) / hăpsī́dessĭ(n)
Accusative	ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰ hăpsîdă	ᾰ̔ψῖδε hăpsîde	ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰς hăpsîdăs
Vocative	ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hăpsī́s	ᾰ̔ψῖδε hăpsîde	ᾰ̔ψῖδες hăpsîdes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς; τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hē hăpsī́s	τὼ ᾰ̔ψῖδε tṑ hăpsîde	αἱ ᾰ̔ψῖδες hai hăpsîdes
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος tês hăpsîdos	τοῖν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιν toîn hăpsī́doin	τῶν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δων tôn hăpsī́dōn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̔ψῖδῐ tēî hăpsîdĭ	τοῖν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δοιν toîn hăpsī́doin	τῇσῐ / τῇσῐν ᾰ̔ψῖσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῖσῐν tēîsĭ(n) hăpsîsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰ tḕn hăpsîdă	τὼ ᾰ̔ψῖδε tṑ hăpsîde	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰς tā̀s hăpsîdăs
Vocative	ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hăpsī́s	ᾰ̔ψῖδε hăpsîde	ᾰ̔ψῖδες hăpsîdes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς; τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος (Koine)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hē hăpsī́s	αἱ ᾰ̔ψῖδες hai hăpsîdes
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̔ψῖδος tês hăpsîdos	τῶν ᾰ̔ψῑ́δων tôn hăpsī́dōn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̔ψῖδῐ tēî hăpsîdĭ	ταῖς ᾰ̔ψῖσῐ / ᾰ̔ψῖσῐν taîs hăpsîsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰ tḕn hăpsîdă	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔ψῖδᾰς tā̀s hăpsîdăs
Vocative	ᾰ̔ψῑ́ς hăpsī́s	ᾰ̔ψῖδες hăpsîdes
Notes:	Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Related terms

• ᾰ̓́νᾰψῐς (ắnăpsĭs)
• ᾰ̓́ψῐς (ắpsĭs)
• ᾰ̔́ψῐς (hắpsĭs)
• ἔνᾰψῐς (énăpsĭs)
• ἔξᾰψῐς (éxăpsĭs)
• ἔφᾰψῐς (éphăpsĭs)
• κᾰ́θᾰψῐς (kắthăpsĭs)
• προσέξᾰψῐς (proséxăpsĭs)
• σῠ́νᾰψῐς (sŭ́năpsĭs)

Descendants

• → Greek: αψίδα (apsída) (learned)
• Latin: absis, apsis
  • English: apse
• Old Armenian: ափսէ (apʻsē)
  • Armenian: ափսե (apʻse)
  • Abaza: апс (aps)
  • West Circassian: апс (aps)
• → Ottoman Turkish: اپسد (ipsid), اسپید (ispid)
  • Turkish: ispit
• Russian: абси́да (absída), апси́да (apsída)

Further reading

• “ἁψίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἁψίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἁψίς in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἁψίς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἁψίς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • arch idem, page 38.
  • felloe idem, page 314.
  • vault idem, page 945.