ἔδαφος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably from ἕδος (hédos, “seat”) + a suffix -(α)φος (-(a)phos), though Beekes expresses some doubt, perhaps due to the strange morphology of the suffix.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.da.pʰos/ → /ˈe.ða.ɸos/ → /ˈe.ða.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.da.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.da.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ða.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ða.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ða.fos/

Noun

ἔδᾰφος • (édaphos) n (genitive ἐδάφους); third declension

1. bottom, foundation, base
2. floor, ground

Declension

Third declension of τὸ ἔδᾰφος; τοῦ ἐδᾰ́φους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἔδᾰφος tò édaphos	τὼ ἐδᾰ́φει tṑ edáphei	τᾰ̀ ἐδᾰ́φη tà edáphē
Genitive	τοῦ ἐδᾰ́φους toû edáphous	τοῖν ἐδᾰφοῖν toîn edaphoîn	τῶν ἐδᾰφῶν tôn edaphôn
Dative	τῷ ἐδᾰ́φει tôi edáphei	τοῖν ἐδᾰφοῖν toîn edaphoîn	τοῖς ἐδᾰ́φεσῐ / ἐδᾰ́φεσῐν toîs edáphesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ἔδᾰφος tò édaphos	τὼ ἐδᾰ́φει tṑ edáphei	τᾰ̀ ἐδᾰ́φη tà edáphē
Vocative	ἔδᾰφος édaphos	ἐδᾰ́φει edáphei	ἐδᾰ́φη edáphē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐδαφίζω (edaphízō)
• ἐδαφικός (edaphikós)
• ἐδάφιον (edáphion)
• ἐδαφόω (edaphóō)

 

Descendants

• Greek: έδαφος (édafos)
• → English: edaphism, edaphon, edaphology
• → Irish: eidifeolaíocht
• → Translingual: Edaphus

Further reading

• “ἔδαφος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἔδαφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἔδαφος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἔδαφος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἔδαφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• G1475 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • base idem, page 64.
  • bed idem, page 68.
  • bottom idem, page 90.
  • floor idem, page 329.
  • foot idem, page 333.
  • foundation idem, page 341.
  • ground idem, page 375.