ἡνία

See also: ἤνια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂em- (“to grasp”) and cognate with Latin ānsa (“handle”) and Lithuanian ąsà (“handle”).

Pronunciation

As a neuter plural:

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.a/ → /iˈni.a/ → /iˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)e̝ˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/

As a feminine singular:

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.aː/ → /iˈni.a/ → /iˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)e̝ˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/

Noun

ἡνίᾰ • (hēnía) n pl (genitive ἡνίων); second declension (plural only, Epic) or
ἡνίᾱ • (hēníā) f (genitive ἡνίᾱς); first declension (post-Homeric)

1. rein, bridle

   Synonyms: ῥυτήρ (rhutḗr), χαλινός (khalinós)

Declension

As a neuter plural:

Second declension of ἡνῐ́ᾰ; ἡνῐ́ων (Epic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnía
Genitive	ἡνῐ́ων hēníōn
Dative	ἡνῐ́οισῐ / ἡνῐ́οισῐν / ἡνῐ́οις hēníoisi(n) / hēníois
Accusative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnía
Vocative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnía
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

As a feminine singular:

First declension of ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ hē hēníā	αἱ ἡνῐ́αι hai hēníai
Genitive	τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς tês hēníās	τῶν ἡνῐῶν tôn hēniôn
Dative	τῇ ἡνῐ́ᾳ têi hēníāi	ταῖς ἡνῐ́αις taîs hēníais
Accusative	τὴν ἡνῐ́ᾱν tḕn hēníān	τᾱ̀ς ἡνῐ́ᾱς tā̀s hēníās
Vocative	ἡνῐ́ᾱ hēníā	ἡνῐ́αι hēníai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐχήνια (ekhḗnia)
• ἡνίοχος (hēníokhos)
• πειθήνῐος (peithḗnios)
• χρῡσήνῐος (khrūsḗnios)

 

Further reading

• “ἡνία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἡνία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἡνία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἡνία in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bridle idem, page 98.
  • rein idem, page 688.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN