ὄπιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

ὀπός (opós, “juice”) +‎ -ῐον (-ion)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/

• (5^th BC Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/
• (1^st BC Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (4^th AD Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (10^th AD Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (15^th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/

Noun

ὄπῐον • (ópion) n (genitive ὀπῐ́ου); second declension

1. poppy juice, opium

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ὄπῐον; τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄπῐον	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ
Genitive	τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν	τῶν ὀπῐ́ων
Dative	τῷ ὀπῐ́ῳ	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν	τοῖς ὀπῐ́οις
Accusative	τὸ ὄπῐον	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ
Vocative	ὄπῐον	ὀπῐ́ω	ὄπῐᾰ
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: opium
  • → English: opium
  • → French: opium
  • → German: Opium
  • → Hungarian: ópium
  • → Italian: oppio
  • → Russian: о́пиум (ópium)
• → Middle Persian: [script needed] (apiyōn)
  • Persian: اپیون‏ (apiyūn), ابیون‏ (abiyūn), هپیون‏ (hapiyūn), هبیون‏ (habiyūn)
    • → Arabic: أفيون‏ (ʾafyūn)
      • → Kurdish:

        Northern Kurdish: afyon

      • → Middle Armenian: աֆիօն (afiōn), աֆիոն (afion)
      • → Old French: affion
      • → Persian: افیون‏ (afyūn)
        • → Ottoman Turkish: افیون‏ (afyûn)
          • Turkish: afyon
          • → Hungarian: áfium
          • → Macedonian: афион (afion)
          • → Serbo-Croatian: афѝо̄н / afìōn
      • → Spanish: anfión
  • → Georgian: აფიონი (apioni), აფთიონი (aptioni)
  • → Old Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion)
    • Middle Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion), աբիոն (abion)
      • Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion)
• → Sanskrit: अफेन (aphena)

References

• ὄπιον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• «ὄπιον» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “ափիոն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 365a
• Ḥasandūst, Moḥammad (Winter 1997), “دربارهٔ چند لغتِ یونانیِ دخیل در زبان فارسی [On several Greek loanwords in Persian]”, in The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature [Name-ye Farhangestan]^[1], volume 8, page 92