ὄπιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

ὀπός (opós, “juice”) +‎ -ῐον (-ion)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/ → /ˈo.pi.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.pi.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.pi.on/

Noun

ὄπῐον • (ópion) n (genitive ὀπῐ́ου); second declension

1. poppy juice, opium

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ὄπῐον; τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄπῐον tò ópion	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω tṑ opíō	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ tà ópia
Genitive	τοῦ ὀπῐ́ου toû opíou	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν toîn opíoin	τῶν ὀπῐ́ων tôn opíōn
Dative	τῷ ὀπῐ́ῳ tôi opíōi	τοῖν ὀπῐ́οιν toîn opíoin	τοῖς ὀπῐ́οις toîs opíois
Accusative	τὸ ὄπῐον tò ópion	τὼ ὀπῐ́ω tṑ opíō	τᾰ̀ ὄπῐᾰ tà ópia
Vocative	ὄπῐον ópion	ὀπῐ́ω opíō	ὄπῐᾰ ópia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: opium
  • → English: opium
  • → French: opium
  • → German: Opium
  • → Hungarian: ópium
  • → Italian: oppio
  • → Russian: о́пиум (ópium)
  • → Spanish: opio
• → Middle Persian: [script needed] (apiyōn)
  • Persian: اپیون‎ (apiyōn), هپیون‎ (hapiyōn)
  • → Arabic: أَفْيُون‎ (ʾafyūn), أَبْيُون‎ (ʾabyūn)
    • → Chinese: 阿芙蓉 (āfúróng)
    • → Kurdish

      Northern Kurdish: afyon, efyon

    • → Middle Armenian: աֆիօն (afiōn), աֆիոն (afion)
    • → Old French: affion
    • → Indonesian: apiun
    • → Madurese: ꦲꦕ꧀ꦕꦺꦴꦤ꧀
    • → Persian: افیون‎ (afyūn), اپیون‎ (apiyōn), ابیون‎ (abyūn), هپیون‎ (hapiyōn), هبیون‎ (habyūn)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: آفیون‎ (afyun, afyon), ابیون‎ (ebyun)
        • Turkish: afyon
        • → Hungarian: áfium
        • → Macedonian: афион (afion)
        • → Serbo-Croatian: афѝо̄н / afìōn
      • → Hindi: अफ़ीम (afīm)
    • → Spanish: anfión
    • → Sundanese: apiun
    • → Swahili: afyuni
    • → Uzbek: afyun
  • → Georgian: აფიონი (apioni), აფთიონი (aptioni)
  • → Old Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion)
    • Middle Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion), աբիոն (abion)
      • Armenian: ափիոն (apʿion)
• → Sanskrit: अफेन (aphena)

References

• “ὄπιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ὄπιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “ափիոն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 365a
• Ḥasandūst, Moḥammad (Winter 1997), “دربارهٔ چند لغتِ یونانیِ دخیل در زبان فارسی [On several Greek loanwords in Persian]”, in The Quarterly Journal of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature [Name-ye Farhangestan]‎^[1], volume 8, archived from the original on 19 October 2013, retrieved 22 June 2014, page 92