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|
strong; solid; firm strong; solid; firm; unyielding; resolute |
frost
|
| trad. (堅霜)
|
堅
|
霜
|
| simp. (坚霜)
|
坚
|
霜
|
| alternative forms
|
凝霜 (kiân-sng)
|
堅霜
- (Hokkien) to freeze; to congeal
Dialectal synonyms of
結冰 (“to freeze; to turn to ice”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Taiwan
|
結冰
|
| Chengde
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Chifeng
|
上凍
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
上凍
|
| Heihe
|
結冰, 上凍, 凍冰
|
| Qiqihar
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Harbin
|
結冰, 上凍, 凍冰
|
| Jiamusi
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Baicheng
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Changchun
|
上凍
|
| Tonghua
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Shenyang
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Jinzhou
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Tangshan
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Cangzhou
|
凍凌, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Baoding
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
上凍
|
| Lijin
|
上凍
|
| Jinan
|
上凍, 凍冰, 結冰
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Dalian
|
凍冰
|
| Dandong
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Yantai
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍, 溫凍
|
| Qingdao
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Zhucheng
|
上凍
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Lingbao
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Jining
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Wanrong
|
凍冬凌
|
| Linfen
|
上凍
|
| Yuanyang
|
結冰
|
| Zhengzhou
|
上凍
|
| Xinyang
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Baihe
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Xi'an
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Baoji
|
結冰, 上凍, 冰凍
|
| Tianshui
|
凍冰
|
| Xuzhou
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Fuyang
|
上凍
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Lanzhou
|
結冰, 凍冰, 上凍
|
| Dunhuang
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Hami
|
結冰
|
| Ürümqi
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
結冰, 結凌冰, 凝冰
|
| Nanchong
|
結冰
|
| Dazhou
|
結冰
|
| Xichang
|
結冰, 長凌冰
|
| Zigong
|
結冰
|
| Chongqing
|
結冰, 結凌冰兒
|
| Wuhan
|
結冰, 下凌, 上凌, 結凌冰, 結凌
|
| Yichang
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Xiangyang
|
結冰
|
| Tianmen
|
結冰
|
| Guiyang
|
凌冰
|
| Zunyi
|
凌冰
|
| Liping
|
結凌, 構凌
|
| Zhaotong
|
結冰
|
| Dali
|
結冰
|
| Kunming
|
結冰
|
| Mengzi
|
結冰
|
| Guilin
|
結冰
|
| Liuzhou
|
結冰
|
| Jishou
|
結冰
|
| Changde
|
結冰
|
| Hanzhong
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
凍冰, 結冰, 上凍
|
| Yangzhou
|
結冰, 上凍, 凍凍
|
| Lianyungang
|
上凍
|
| Lianshui
|
上凍
|
| Nantong
|
結凍
|
| Anqing
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Wuhu
|
上凍, 凍冰凍
|
| Hefei
|
結凍, 上凍, 結冰
|
| Hong'an
|
下凌, 結凌
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
結冰
|
| Hong Kong
|
結冰
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
結冰
|
| Macau
|
結冰
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
結冰
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
結冰
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
結冰
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
結冰
|
| Foshan
|
結冰
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
結冰
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
結冰
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
結冰
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
結冰
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
結冰
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
結冰
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
結冰
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
結冰
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
結冰
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
結冰
|
| Taishan
|
結冰
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
結冰
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
結冰
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
結冰
|
| Dongguan
|
結冰
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
結冰
|
| Yangjiang
|
結冰
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
凍凌, 結凌, 結冰, 凍冰凌
|
| Lichuan
|
結冰凌
|
| Pingxiang
|
結凌冰, 起構
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
落凝
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
結冰
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
結冰
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
結冰
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
結冰
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
結冰
|
| Yudu
|
結冰
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
結凍
|
| Shexian
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Yangyuan
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Datong
|
凍冰
|
| Xinzhou
|
凍冬蠟, 上凍
|
| Lüliang (Lishi)
|
結冰, 封凍
|
| Changzhi
|
結冰, 上凍
|
| Linhe
|
上凍
|
| Jining
|
凍冰
|
| Hohhot
|
結冰
|
| Erenhot
|
上凍
|
| Pingshan
|
凍凍凌
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Handan
|
凍冰, 上凍
|
| Suide
|
結冰, 凍冰
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
構霜冰, 構冰, 結冰
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
結冰
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
凝霜, 結冰, 結霜, 激冰, 激霜
|
| Quanzhou
|
結霜
|
| Zhangzhou
|
結霜, 激冰, 激霜
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
堅霜
|
| Chaozhou
|
結冰
|
| Haikou
|
結冰
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
結冰
|
| Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
|
結冰
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
結冰
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
結冰, 冰膠
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
凍冰
|
| Suzhou
|
結冰
|
| Danyang
|
結冰, 結凍, 凍凍
|
| Hangzhou
|
結冰
|
| Ningbo
|
結冰
|
| Wenzhou
|
結冰
|
| Jinhua
|
結冰
|
| Jinhua (Tangxi)
|
凍冰兒
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
構凌, 下凌, 結凌冰
|
| Loudi
|
扯構
|
| Shuangfeng
|
構起, 起構
|
