惡性循環

See also: 恶性循环

Chinese

		bad; viciousness; wickedness bad; viciousness; wickedness; bad; vicious; wicked	to cycle; to circulate; to recur to cycle; to circulate; to recur; to circulate
trad. (惡性循環)		惡性	循環
simp. (恶性循环)		恶性	循环

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): èxìng xúnhuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ok³ sing³ ceon⁴ waan⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: èxìng xúnhuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: èsìng syúnhuán
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴-hsing⁴ hsün²-huan²
    • Yale: è-syìng syún-hwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehshinq shyunhwan
    • Palladius: эсин сюньхуань (esin sjunʹxuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹ ɕyn³⁵ xu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ok³ sing³ ceon⁴ waan⁴
    • Yale: ok sing chèuhn wàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ok⁸ sing³ tsoen⁴ waan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: og³ xing³ cên⁴ wan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːk̚³ sɪŋ³³ t͡sʰɵn²¹ waːn²¹/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 惡性循環

1. vicious cycle

Antonyms

• 良性循環／良性循环 (liángxìng xúnhuán)