泳ぐ

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Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
およ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
游ぐ

Etymology[edit]

Likely from Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *oyonku. Included in The Tale of Genji from the late 900s or early 1000s. Listed in sources with a note that this may have been pronounced originally as oyoku,[1][2][3] however, cognates among the Ryūkyūan languages would seem to support a voiced /ɡ/ as the final consonant. Compare Kunigami 泳じゅん (uijun), Okinawan 泳じゅん (qwiijun).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "泳ぐ"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
泳ぐ [òyóꜜgù]
Imperative (命令形) 泳げ [òyóꜜgè]
Key constructions
Passive 泳がれる よがれ [òyógáréꜜrù]
Causative 泳がせる よがせ [òyógáséꜜrù]
Potential 泳げる よげ [òyógéꜜrù]
Volitional 泳ごう よご [òyógóꜜò]
Negative 泳がない よがない [òyógáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 泳がなかった よがなかった [òyógáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 泳ぎます よぎま [òyógímáꜜsù]
Perfective 泳いだ いだ [òyóꜜìdà]
Conjunctive 泳いで いで [òyóꜜìdè]
Hypothetical conditional 泳げば げば [òyóꜜgèbà]

Verb[edit]

(およ) (oyoguintransitive godan (stem (およ) (oyogi), past (およ)いだ (oyoida))

  1. to swim
    昨日(きのう)(わたし)はジムで()キロ(およ)ぎました
    Kinō, watashi wa jimu de go kiro oyogimashita.
    Yesterday I swam 5 kilometers at the gym.
    ここで(およ)げる
    Koko de oyogeru.
    We can swim here.
    (およ)ことができない。
    Oyogu koto ga dekinai.
    I cannot swim.
  2. to act freely while being monitored (in the possibility that one will do something incriminating); used in the causative 泳がす泳がせる (oyogasu, oyogaseru, to let someone act freely and monitor them)
    容疑者(ようぎしゃ)(およ)がせる
    yōgisha o oyogaseru
    to let a suspect swim → to monitor a suspect

Conjugation[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Idioms[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN