泳

泳	U+6CF3, 泳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CF3

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

泳 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水戈弓水 (EINE), four-corner 3313₂, composition ⿰氵永)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 619, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17328
Dae Jaweon: page 1014, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1595, character 5
Unihan data for U+6CF3

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		泳

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 泳
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (永) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
永	*ɢʷraŋʔ
栐	*ɢʷraŋʔ
泳	*ɢʷraŋs
詠	*ɢʷraŋs
咏	*ɢʷraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraŋs): semantic 氵 + phonetic 永 (OC *ɢʷraŋʔ).

Etymology[edit]

Possibly related to Thai ว่าย (wâai, “to swim”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yǒng (yong³)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ

(Chengdu, SP): yun⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wing⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ven⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): yn⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yún

(Meixian, Guangdong): yun³
Jin (Wiktionary): yng²
Min Dong (BUC): êng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): éng

(Teochew, Peng'im): iong³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁵ion
Xiang (Wiktionary): yn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǒng
  - Wade–Giles: yung³
  - Yale: yǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeong
  - Palladius: юн (jun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yun⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wing⁶
  - Yale: wihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wing⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wing⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɪŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ven⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ven³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: yn⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn¹¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: iun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯un³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yun³
  - Sinological IPA: /iun³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: yng²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ỹŋ⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: êng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛiŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: éng
  - Tâi-lô: íng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ion
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ²ion
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: yn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: hjwaengH

Rime
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	庚 (112)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	爲命切
Baxter	hjwaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠwiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwiajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wing⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷraŋ(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒng
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷraŋ(ʔ)-s/
English	go in water, wade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泳
Reading #	1/1
No.	15425
Phonetic component	永
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詠
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷraŋs/

Definitions[edit]

泳

to swim
a surname

Compounds[edit]

仰泳 (yǎngyǒng, “backstroke”)
側泳／侧泳 (cèyǒng)
捷泳 (jiéyǒng)
暢泳／畅泳
泳壇／泳坛 (yǒngtán)
泳手 (yǒngshǒu)
泳氣鐘／泳气钟
泳池 (yǒngchí)
泳衣 (yǒngyī)
泳裝／泳装 (yǒngzhuāng)
海豚泳
涵泳
游泳 (yóuyǒng, “swim”)
游泳圈 (yóuyǒngquān)
游泳池 (yóuyǒngchí)
游泳衣 (yóuyǒngyī)
游泳褲／游泳裤 (yóuyǒngkù)
潛泳／潜泳 (qiányǒng)
爬泳 (páyǒng)
背泳 (bèiyǒng, “backstroke”)
自由泳 (zìyóuyǒng, “freestyle”)
蛙泳 (wāyǒng, “breaststroke”)
蝶泳 (diéyǒng, “butterfly stroke”)
電泳／电泳 (diànyǒng)

References[edit]

“泳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

泳

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

to swim

Readings[edit]

Go-on: よう (yō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}^{←ゐやう (wyau, ancient)}
Kan-on: えい (ei, Jōyō)^{←えい (ei, historical)}^{←ゑい (wei, ancient)}
Kun: およぐ (oyogu, 泳ぐ, Jōyō)

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
泳
えい Grade: 3
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 泳 (MC hjwaengH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): [e̞ː]

Affix[edit]

泳(えい) • (ei)

swim

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 泳 (MC hjwaengH). Recorded as Middle Korean 여ᇰ〯 (yěng) (Yale: yeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

泳

Wikisource

泳 (eumhun 헤엄칠 영 (heeomchil yeong))

Hanja form^? of 영 (“dive”).
Hanja form^? of 영 (“swim”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

수영 (水泳, suyeong, “swimming”)
접영 (蝶泳, jeobyeong, “butterfly stroke”)
배영 (背泳, baeyeong, “backstroke”)
평영 (平泳, pyeong'yeong, “breaststroke”)
혼영 (混泳, honyeong, “a medley (race)”)
수영복 (水泳服, suyeongbok, “swimsuit”)

References[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Naver Hanja Dictionary: 泳

Kunigami[edit]

Kanji[edit]

泳

Kun: ういじゅん (uijun, 泳じゅん)

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

泳

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Kun: っゐーじゅん ('wījun, 泳じゅん)

Vietnamese[edit]

Nom glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraŋs): semantic 氵 (thuỷ, “water (radical form)”) + phonetic 永 (vĩnh).

Han character[edit]

泳: Hán Việt readings: vịnh^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
泳: Nôm readings: vịnh^[1]^[2], vạnh^[2]

Nôm form of vịnh (“gulf, bay”).
chữ Hán form of vịnh (“dive, swim”).

References[edit]

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

泳

Kun: うく゚ん (ungun, 泳く゚ん)

[tdcndg-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Trần (2004).

[tvctdhv-3] Trần (1999).

[hvttd-4] Nguyễn (1974).

[tchvtd-5] Thiều Chửu (1942).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

泳

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Kunigami[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Nom glyph origin[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

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泳

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Kunigami[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Nom glyph origin[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

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