輝く
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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輝 |
かがや Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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耀く 赫く |
Originally kakayaku.[1][2][3] Samuel Martin suggests the initial kaka- element is a mimetic word.[3] The -yaku element may be the verb-forming suffix やく (-yaku). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「輝く」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
輝く | かがやく | [kàgáyáꜜkù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 輝け | かがやけ | [kàgáyáꜜkè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 輝かれる | かがやかれる | [kàgáyákáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 輝かせる | かがやかせる | [kàgáyákáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 輝ける | かがやける | [kàgáyákéꜜrù] |
Volitional | 輝こう | かがやこー | [kàgáyákóꜜò] |
Negative | 輝かない | かがやかない | [kàgáyákáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 輝かなかった | かがやかなかった | [kàgáyákáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 輝きます | かがやきます | [kàgáyákímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 輝いた | かがやいた | [kàgáyáꜜìtà] |
Conjunctive | 輝いて | かがやいて | [kàgáyáꜜìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 輝けば | かがやけば | [kàgáyáꜜkèbà] |
Verb
[edit]輝く • (kagayaku) intransitive godan (stem 輝き (kagayaki), past 輝いた (kagayaita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "輝く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 輝か | かがやか | kagayaka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 輝き | かがやき | kagayaki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 輝く | かがやく | kagayaku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 輝く | かがやく | kagayaku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 輝け | かがやけ | kagayake |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 輝け | かがやけ | kagayake |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 輝かれる | かがやかれる | kagayakareru |
Causative | 輝かせる 輝かす |
かがやかせる かがやかす |
kagayakaseru kagayakasu |
Potential | 輝ける | かがやける | kagayakeru |
Volitional | 輝こう | かがやこう | kagayakō |
Negative | 輝かない | かがやかない | kagayakanai |
Negative continuative | 輝かず | かがやかず | kagayakazu |
Formal | 輝きます | かがやきます | kagayakimasu |
Perfective | 輝いた | かがやいた | kagayaita |
Conjunctive | 輝いて | かがやいて | kagayaite |
Hypothetical conditional | 輝けば | かがやけば | kagayakeba |
Synonyms
[edit]- 光る (hikaru)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “輝・耀”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ “輝く”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 701
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 輝 read as かがや
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ku
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji