넘다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 넘다 (Yale: nemta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈnɘ(ː)mt͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [넘(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | neomda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | neomda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | nŏmta |
| Yale Romanization? | nēmqta |
Verb
넘다 • (neomda) (infinitive 넘어, sequential 넘으니)
- to surpass; to go beyond
- (deprecated template usage) 아리랑 (Arirang)
- 아리랑 고개로 넘어간다.
- arirang gogaero neomeoganda.
- Crossing Arirang Pass.
- (deprecated template usage) 아리랑 (Arirang)
- to conquer
- to jump
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 넘다 (neomda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 넘는다 neomneunda |
넘어 neomeo |
넘어요 neomeoyo |
넘습니다 neomseumnida |
| Past | 넘었다 neomeotda |
넘었어 neomeosseo |
넘었어요 neomeosseoyo |
넘었습니다 neomeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 넘느냐 neomneunya |
넘어 neomeo |
넘어요 neomeoyo |
넘습니까 neomseumnikka |
| Past | 넘었느냐 neomeonneunya |
넘었어 neomeosseo |
넘었어요 neomeosseoyo |
넘었습니까 neomeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 넘자 neomja |
넘어 neomeo |
넘어요 neomeoyo |
넘으십시다 neomeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 넘어라 neomeora |
넘어 neomeo |
넘어요 neomeoyo |
넘읍시오 neomeupsio | |
| Assertive | 넘겠다 neomgetda |
넘겠어 neomgesseo |
넘겠어요 neomgesseoyo |
넘겠습니다 neomgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 넘어 neomeo |
넘어서 neomeoseo |
넘으니 neomeuni |
넘으니까 neomeunikka | |
| Contrast | 넘지만 neomjiman |
넘는데 neomneunde |
넘더니 neomdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 넘고 neomgo |
||||
| Condition | 넘으면 neomeumyeon |
넘어야 neomeoya |
|||
| Motive | 넘으려고 neomeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 넘음 neomeum |
넘기 neomgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 넘었음 neomeosseum |
넘었기 neomeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 넘은 neomeun | |||
| Present | 넘는 neomneun | ||||
| Future | 넘을 neomeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 넘으신다 neomeusinda |
넘으셔 neomeusyeo |
넘으세요, 넘으셔요 neomeuseyo, neomeusyeoyo |
넘으십니다 neomeusimnida |
| Past | 넘으셨다 neomeusyeotda |
넘으셨어 neomeusyeosseo |
넘으셨어요 neomeusyeosseoyo |
넘으셨습니다 neomeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 넘으시느냐 neomeusineunya |
넘으셔 neomeusyeo |
넘으세요, 넘으셔요 neomeuseyo, neomeusyeoyo |
넘으십니까 neomeusimnikka |
| Past | 넘으셨느냐 neomeusyeonneunya |
넘으셨어 neomeusyeosseo |
넘으셨어요 neomeusyeosseoyo |
넘으셨습니까 neomeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 넘으시라 neomeusira |
넘으셔 neomeusyeo |
넘으세요 neomeuseyo |
넘으십시오 neomeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 넘으시겠다 neomeusigetda |
넘으시겠어 neomeusigesseo |
넘으시겠어요 neomeusigesseoyo |
넘으시겠습니다 neomeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 넘으셔 neomeusyeo |
넘으셔서 neomeusyeoseo |
넘으시니 neomeusini |
넘으시니까 neomeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 넘으시지만 neomeusijiman |
넘으시는데 neomeusineunde |
넘으시더니 neomeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 넘으시고 neomeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 넘으시면 neomeusimyeon |
넘으셔야 neomeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 넘으시려고 neomeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 넘으심 neomeusim |
넘으시기 neomeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 넘으셨음 neomeusyeosseum |
넘으셨기 neomeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 넘으신 neomeusin | |||
| Present | 넘으시는 neomeusineun | ||||
| Future | 넘으실 neomeusil | ||||