말다

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Korean

Etymology 1

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “The not sense may be related to Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ma (c.f. User_talk:Wyang/Archive2#Question_re:_copula_in_Korean).”

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 말다 (Yale: malta).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈma̠(ː)ɭda̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?malda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?malda
McCune–Reischauer?malda
Yale Romanization?mālta

Verb

말다 (malda) (infinitive 말아, sequential 마니)

  1. (auxiliary), used to negate imperatives, with —지 (-ji)) to not do something, to stop doing
    잔디에 앉지 마시오.
    jandi-e anji masio.
    Do not sit on the lawn.
Conjugation

This verb has irregular imperative forms:

References

  • National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 June 9 (last accessed)) “말다”, in 표준국어대사전[1]

Etymology 2

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “The roll sense may be related to Japanese (maro, maru, round).”

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆯ다 (Yale: molta).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?malda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?malda
McCune–Reischauer?malda
Yale Romanization?malta

Verb

말다 (malda) (infinitive 말아, sequential 마니)

  1. to roll up
    • 그 여자는 신문지를 말아 길고 가느다란 봉을 만들었다.
      geu yeojaneun sinmunjireul mara gilgo ganeudaran bong'eul mandeureotda.
      She rolled the newspaper into a long, thin rod.
Conjugation