밟다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆲ다 (Yale: polpta). Derived from 발 (bal, “foot”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpa̠(ː)p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [밥(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bapda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | balbda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | papta |
| Yale Romanization? | pālpta |
Verb
밟다 • (bapda) (infinitive 밟아, sequential 밟으니)
- to step, tread, trample
- 밤길을 걷다가 쇠똥이라도 밟으면 그 물컹한 느낌이 싫었다.
- bamgireul geotdaga soettong'irado balbeumyeon geu mulkeonghan neukkimi sireotda.
- While I was walking at night, the squashy feeling of stepping on even cow dung would make me nauseous.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 밟다 (bapda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 밟는다 bamneunda |
밟아 balba |
밟아요 balbayo |
밟습니다 bapseumnida |
| Past | 밟았다 balbatda |
밟았어 balbasseo |
밟았어요 balbasseoyo |
밟았습니다 balbatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 밟느냐 bamneunya |
밟아 balba |
밟아요 balbayo |
밟습니까 bapseumnikka |
| Past | 밟았느냐 balbanneunya |
밟았어 balbasseo |
밟았어요 balbasseoyo |
밟았습니까 balbatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 밟자 bapja |
밟아 balba |
밟아요 balbayo |
밟으십시다 balbeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 밟아라 balbara |
밟아 balba |
밟아요 balbayo |
밟읍시오 balbeupsio | |
| Assertive | 밟겠다 bapgetda |
밟겠어 bapgesseo |
밟겠어요 bapgesseoyo |
밟겠습니다 bapgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 밟아 balba |
밟아서 balbaseo |
밟으니 balbeuni |
밟으니까 balbeunikka | |
| Contrast | 밟지만 bapjiman |
밟는데 bamneunde |
밟더니 bapdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 밟고 bapgo |
||||
| Condition | 밟으면 balbeumyeon |
밟아야 balbaya |
|||
| Motive | 밟으려고 balbeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 밟음 balbeum |
밟기 bapgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 밟았음 balbasseum |
밟았기 balbatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 밟은 balbeun | |||
| Present | 밟는 bamneun | ||||
| Future | 밟을 balbeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 밟으신다 balbeusinda |
밟으셔 balbeusyeo |
밟으세요, 밟으셔요 balbeuseyo, balbeusyeoyo |
밟으십니다 balbeusimnida |
| Past | 밟으셨다 balbeusyeotda |
밟으셨어 balbeusyeosseo |
밟으셨어요 balbeusyeosseoyo |
밟으셨습니다 balbeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 밟으시느냐 balbeusineunya |
밟으셔 balbeusyeo |
밟으세요, 밟으셔요 balbeuseyo, balbeusyeoyo |
밟으십니까 balbeusimnikka |
| Past | 밟으셨느냐 balbeusyeonneunya |
밟으셨어 balbeusyeosseo |
밟으셨어요 balbeusyeosseoyo |
밟으셨습니까 balbeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 밟으시라 balbeusira |
밟으셔 balbeusyeo |
밟으세요 balbeuseyo |
밟으십시오 balbeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 밟으시겠다 balbeusigetda |
밟으시겠어 balbeusigesseo |
밟으시겠어요 balbeusigesseoyo |
밟으시겠습니다 balbeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 밟으셔 balbeusyeo |
밟으셔서 balbeusyeoseo |
밟으시니 balbeusini |
밟으시니까 balbeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 밟으시지만 balbeusijiman |
밟으시는데 balbeusineunde |
밟으시더니 balbeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 밟으시고 balbeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 밟으시면 balbeusimyeon |
밟으셔야 balbeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 밟으시려고 balbeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 밟으심 balbeusim |
밟으시기 balbeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 밟으셨음 balbeusyeosseum |
밟으셨기 balbeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 밟으신 balbeusin | |||
| Present | 밟으시는 balbeusineun | ||||
| Future | 밟으실 balbeusil | ||||
Synonyms
- 걷다 (geotda, “to walk”)
Derived terms
- 밟히다 (balpida, “to be stepped on”)