πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *bistandanΔ…. Equivalent to 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ (standan). Cognate with Old English bestandan (English bestand), Old High German bistantan.

Verb[edit]

πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (bistandan)

  1. to surround

Conjugation[edit]

Present tense with n-infix. The past participle is not attested but was in all likelihood *πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ (*bistaΓΎans), since the participle stem is formed with the same vowel as the present stem but without the n-infix marking the present tense.

Class 6 strong, irregular
Infinitive πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½
bistandan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bistanda 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
bistōþ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bistandada
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπƒ
bistandis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πƒπ„
bistōst 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
bistandaza
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
bistandiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
bistōþ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bistandada
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³π‰πƒ
bistandōs 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏ
bistōþu 		—
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
bistandats 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπ„πƒ
bistōþuts 		—
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ
bistandam 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΌ
bistōþum 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bistandanda
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
bistandiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΈ
bistōþuΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bistandanda
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
bistandand 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒ½
bistōþun 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bistandanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
bistōþjau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaidau
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
bistandais 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
bistōþeis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaizau
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ
bistandai 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΉ
bistōþi 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaidau
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bistandaiwa 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bistōþeiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
bistandaits 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
bistōþeits 		—
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bistandaima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bistōþeima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaindau
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
bistandaiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
bistōþeiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaindau
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bistandaina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bistōþeina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
bistand
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandadau
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
bistandats
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
bistandiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bistandandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
bistandands 		*πŒ±πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
*bistaΓΎans
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