𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sankwą n (“sinking”). Cognate to Old Norse sǫkk n (“sinking”). The only attested sense of this word, "west", may be a semantic loan from Koine Greek δυσμή (dusmḗ); compare 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 (urruns).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan.kʷa/, [saŋ.kʷa]

Noun

𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰 • (saggqa) ? (dative singular)

2. (hapax, uncountable) the west (compass point)

   Antonym: 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 (urruns)

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 8.11:

     𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌰𐌺𐍉𐌱𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌴:

     aþþan qiþa izwis þatei managai fram urrunsa jah saggqa qimand, jah anakumbjand miþ abrahama jah isaka jah iakōba in þiudangardjai himinē:

     And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven. (KJV).

Usage notes

This lemma is only attested with the radical consonant cluster 𐌲𐌲𐌵 for the more usual 𐌲𐌵 (which appears i.a. in the corresponding strong verb 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (sigqan)); these clusters are pronounced identically.

Declension

Only the dative singular is attested, which is not enough to determine the noun's stem or gender. It may have been a masculine a-stem or i-stem, but it was probably a neuter a-stem like its Old Norse cognate.

Related terms

• 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saggqjan, “to plunge”)
• 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (sigqan, “to sink”)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 113