π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°- (faura-) +‎ 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gamΔ“ljan).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /fΙ”raΙ‘aˈmeːljan/, [fΙ”raΙ£aˈmeːljan]

Verb[edit]

π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (fauragamΔ“ljan) (perfective)

  1. to write previously
    • Romans 15:4:
      πƒπ…πŒ° π†πŒΉπŒ»πŒΏ 𐌰𐌿𐌺 πƒπ…πŒ΄ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒΈ π…πŒ°π‚πŒΈ, 𐌳𐌿 πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΉ πŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πŒΉ 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌸 π…πŒ°π‚πŒΈ, 𐌴𐌹 πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ· 𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒ°πŒΈπ‚πŒ°π†πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½ πŒ±π‰πŒΊπ‰ π…πŒ΄πŒ½ 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰.
      swa filu auk swΔ“ fauragamΔ“liΓΎ warΓΎ, du unsarai laiseinai gamΔ“liΓΎ warΓΎ, ei ΓΎairh ΓΎulain jah gaΓΎrafstein bōkō wΔ“n habaima.
      For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope. (KJV)
    • Ephesians 3:3:
      πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ 𐌱𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 π…πŒ°πƒ πŒΌπŒΉπƒ 𐍃𐍉 π‚πŒΏπŒ½πŒ°, πƒπ…πŒ΄ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐌹𐌽 πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πŒΉπŒ»πŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°,
      untΔ“ bi andhuleinai gakannida was mis sō runa, swΔ“ fauragamΔ“lida in leitilamma,
      How that by revelation he made known unto me the mystery; as I wrote afore in few words, (KJV)

Conjugation[edit]

Class 1 weak
Infinitive π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
fauragamΔ“ljan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°
fauragamΔ“lja 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“lida 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljada
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
fauragamΔ“leis 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“s 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljaza
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“leiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“lida 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljada
1st dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπ‰πƒ
fauragamΔ“ljōs 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
fauragamΔ“ljats 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
fauragamΔ“ljam 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“dum 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljanda
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“leiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“duΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljanda
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
fauragamΔ“ljand 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“dun 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljau 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“djau 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaidau
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
fauragamΔ“ljais 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deis 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaizau
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
fauragamΔ“ljai 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“di 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaidau
1st dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljaiwa 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
fauragamΔ“ljaits 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljaima 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deima 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaindau
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“ljaiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaindau
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
fauragamΔ“ljaina 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
fauragamΔ“lidΔ“deina 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljaindau
Imperative
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉ
fauragamΔ“lei
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljadau
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
fauragamΔ“ljats
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauragamΔ“leiΓΎ
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauragamΔ“ljandau
Present Past
Participles π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
fauragamΔ“ljands 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
fauragamΔ“liΓΎs

Further reading[edit]

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 93
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