тудо

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Eastern Mari

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtudo/
  • Rhymes: -udo
  • Hyphenation: ту‧до

Particle

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тудо (tudo)

  1. well, of course (emphatic particle)
    мурет тудо, кузе от муро
    muret tudo, kuze ot muro
    of course you'll sing, how couldn't you?

Pronoun

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тудо (tudo)

  1. (personal) he, she
    тудо мыняр ияш?
    tudo myńar ijaš?
    how old is (s)he?
  2. (personal) that, it
    тудо кӧ?
    tudo kö?
    who's that?
  3. (s)he (who...)
    кӧ пашам ок ыште, тудо ок коч
    kö pašam ok yšte, tudo ok koč
    he who does not work, shall not eat

Declension

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Personal pronouns
nominative accusative genitive dative
1st sg мый (myj) мыйым (myjym) мыйын (myjyn) мыланем (mylańem) ~ мылам (mylam)
2nd sg тый (tyj) тыйым (tyjym) тыйын (tyjyn) тыланет (tylańet) ~ мылат (mylat)
3rd sg тудо (tudo) тудым (tudym) тудын (tudyn) тудлан (tudlan)
1st pl ме (me) мемнам (memnam) мемнан (memnan) мыланна (mylanna)
2nd pl те (te) тендам (tendam) тендан (tendan) тыланда (tylanda)
3rd pl нуно (nuno) нуным (nunym) нунын (nunyn) нунылан (nunylan)
*) There are two forms for personal pronouns in the first and second persons singular in the dative: мыланем (mylańem) ~ мылам (mylam) and тыланет (tylańet) ~ тылат (tylat). There is no overt difference in usage between the two forms. The nominative forms мый (myj) and mый (myj) also have long forms, мые and тые (tyje); these are typically encountered in poetic speech.
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pronouns

References

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  • J. Bradley et al. (2023) “тудо”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna