-cian

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Old English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *-ukōn, *-ikōn, from Proto-Germanic *-ukōną, *-ikōną.

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-cian

  1. suffix applied to verbs and deverbal nouns to form other verbs with an intensive or frequentative force

Usage notes[edit]

  • Occasionally triggers i-mutation in the verb stem.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of -cian (weak class 2)
infinitive -cian -cienne
indicative mood present tense past tense
first person singular -ciġe -code
second person singular -cast -codest
third person singular -caþ -code
plural -ciaþ -codon
subjunctive present tense past tense
singular -ciġe -code
plural -ciġen -coden
imperative
singular -ca
plural -ciaþ
participle present past
-ciende (ġe)-cod

Derived terms[edit]

Old English terms suffixed with -cian

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle English: -ken
    • English: -k
    • Scots: -k
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