Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/médʰu: difference between revisions

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* {{desc|grk-pro|*métʰu}}
* {{desc|grk-pro|*métʰu}}
** {{desc|grc|μέθυ}}
** {{desc|grc|μέθυ}}
*** Greek {{l|el|μέθη||drunkenness}}
*** {{desc|el|μέθη||drunkenness}}
* {{desc|iir-pro|*mádʰu}} {{see desc}}
* {{desc|iir-pro|*mádʰu}} {{see desc}}
* {{desc|ine-toc-pro|*ḿət(ə)}}
* {{desc|ine-toc-pro|*ḿət(ə)}}
** {{desc|txb|mīt}}
** {{desc|txb|mīt}}
** {{desc|bor=1|och|蜜|tr=*mjit ~ *mit}} {{q|late}}
** → Middle Chinese: {{l|ltc|蜜}}
*** {{desc|cmn|蜜}}
*** {{desc|ltc|蜜|tr=*mjit}}
*** → Japanese: {{l|ja|蜜|tr=みつ, mitsu}}
**** {{desc|yue|蜜|tr=mat{{sup|6}}}}
*** → Okinawan: {{l|ryu|蜜|tr=みち, michi}}
**** {{desc|hak|蜜|tr=me̍t}}
**** {{desc|cmn|蜜|tr=mì}}
⚫
* → Uralic: {{l|urj-pro|*mete}} {{see desc}}
****: Sichuanese: {{l|cmn|蜜|tr=mi{{sup|2}}}}
**** {{desc|wuu|-}}
****: {{desc|wuu-sha|蜜|tr=miq}}
*** {{desc|zhx-min-pro}}
**** Coastal Min:
***** {{desc|cdo|蜜|tr=mĭk}}
***** {{desc|nan|-}}
*****: {{desc|nan-hok|蜜|tr=bi̍t}}
*****: {{desc|zhx-teo|蜜|tr=bhig{{sup|8}}}}
**** Inland Min:
***** {{desc|mnp|蜜|tr=mĭ}}
*** {{desc|bor=1|ja|蜜|tr=みつ, mitsu}}
*** {{desc|bor=1|ryu|蜜|tr=みち, michi}}
⚫
* {{desc|bor=1|urj-pro|*mete}} {{see desc}}


===References===
===References===

Revision as of 15:50, 24 July 2019

 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*médʰu

  1. honey
  2. mead, intoxicating drink, sweet drink.

Comment

The Indo-European word was prehistorically borrowed into Proto-Uralic *mete.[1] Also possibly borrowed into Chinese 蜜 (mì) (from Old Chinese *mit (“honey”)), perhaps through Tocharian.

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *médʰu
genitive *mdʰéws
singular dual plural
nominative *médʰu *médʰwih₁ *médʰuh₂
vocative *médʰu *médʰwih₁ *médʰuh₂
accusative *médʰu *médʰwih₁ *médʰuh₂
genitive *mdʰéws *? *mdʰéwoHom
ablative *mdʰéws *? *mdʰúmos
dative *mdʰéwey *? *mdʰúmos
locative *mdʰéw, *mdʰéwi *? *mdʰúsu
instrumental *mdʰúh₁ *? *mdʰúmis

Synonyms

Descendants

  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *medús
  • Proto-Celtic: *medu (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *meduz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *métʰu
    • Ancient Greek: μέθυ (méthu)
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mádʰu (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *ḿət(ə)
    • Tocharian B: mīt
    • → Old Chinese: 蜜 (*mjit ~ *mit) (late)
      • Middle Chinese: 蜜 (*mjit)
        • Cantonese: 蜜 (mat6)
        • Hakka: 蜜 (me̍t)
        • Mandarin: 蜜 (mì)
          Sichuanese: 蜜 (mi2)
        • Wu:
          Shanghainese: 蜜 (miq)
      • Proto-Min:
        • Coastal Min:
          • Eastern Min: 蜜 (mĭk)
          • Min Nan:
            Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "nan-hok" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
            Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "zhx-teo" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
        • Inland Min:
          • Northern Min: 蜜 (mĭ)
      • → Japanese: 蜜 (みつ, mitsu)
      • → Okinawan: 蜜 (みち, michi)
  • → Proto-Uralic: *mete (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Joki, Aulis J. (1973) Uralier und Indogermanen [Uralians and Indo-Europeans] (Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia; 151) (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN
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