Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/medъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *médu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.

Noun

*mȅdъ m

1. honey
2. mead

Inflection

Declension of *mȅdъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mȅdъ	*mȅdy	*mȅdove
genitive	*mȅdu	*medovù	*medòvъ
dative	*mȅdovi	*medъmà	*mȅdъmъ
accusative	*mȅdъ	*mȅdy	*mȅdy
instrumental	*mȅdъmь	*medъmà	*medъmì
locative	*medú	*medovù	*mȅdъxъ
vocative	*medu	*mȅdy	*mȅdove

Derived terms

• *medvě̀dь m (“bear”), *medvě̀dica f (“she-bear”)
• *medunъ (“lone bear”)
  • *medunika, *medunica (“type of plant”)
• *medyni (“sweetheart”)
• *medovъ (“of honey”)
  • *medovina (“honey extract”)
  • *medovъka (“sweet fruit, product”)
• *medьnъ, *medvьnъ (“honey's”)
  • *medьnikъ (“honey product”)
• *medvěnъ (“honey's”)
  • *medvěnъka (“type of plant”)
• *medьcь (diminutive)
• *medъkъ (“honey product”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: медъ (medŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: медъ (med), мѣдъ (měd), мюдъ (mjud)
      • Belarusian: мёд (mjod); мед (mjed), мэд (med), мід (mid), мідь (midʹ) (dialectal)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: мюд (mjud), мед (med)
      • Ukrainian: мед (med); мід (mid) (dialectal)
    • Russian: мёд (mjod)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: медъ (medŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰿⰵⰴⱏ (medŭ)

  • Bulgarian: мед (med); мяд (mjad) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: мед (med)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ме̑д

    Latin script: mȇd

  • Slovene: mẹ̑d (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: med
    • Czech: med
  • Kashubian: miód
  • Polabian: med
  • Old Polish: miód
    • Polish: miód
    • → Old Ruthenian: мїодъ (mjod), модъ (mod) (dialectal)
  • Slovak: med
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: mjod
      • →? Upper Sorbian: mjód
    • Upper Sorbian: měd

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Romanian: mied

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “мед”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress