Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/terzvъ
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From an undetermined *terz- + *-vъ.
One hypothesis suggests that modern descendants originate from an earlier *tersvъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“to dry”) with cognates in Proto-Germanic *þursuz (“dry”), Ancient Greek ταρσός (tarsós, “dry”), Sanskrit तृषु (tṛṣu, “greedily”). However, it requires the stem to be in zero-grade.
Adjective
*terzvъ
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *terzvъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *terzvъ | *terzva | *terzvo |
| genitive | *terzva | *terzvy | *terzva |
| dative | *terzvu | *terzvě | *terzvu |
| accusative | *terzvъ | *terzvǫ | *terzvo |
| instrumental | *terzvomь | *terzvojǫ | *terzvomь |
| locative | *terzvě | *terzvě | *terzvě |
| vocative | *terzve | *terzvo | *terzvo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *terzva | *terzvě | *terzvě |
| genitive | *terzvu | *terzvu | *terzvu |
| dative | *terzvoma | *terzvama | *terzvoma |
| accusative | *terzva | *terzvě | *terzvě |
| instrumental | *terzvoma | *terzvama | *terzvoma |
| locative | *terzvu | *terzvu | *terzvu |
| vocative | *terzva | *terzvě | *terzvě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *terzvi | *terzvy | *terzva |
| genitive | *terzvъ | *terzvъ | *terzvъ |
| dative | *terzvomъ | *terzvamъ | *terzvomъ |
| accusative | *terzvy | *terzvy | *terzva |
| instrumental | *terzvy | *terzvami | *terzvy |
| locative | *terzvěxъ | *terzvaxъ | *terzvěxъ |
| vocative | *terzvi | *terzvy | *terzva |
Definite declension of *terzvъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *terzvъjь | *terzvaja | *terzvoje |
| genitive | *terzvajego | *terzvyję̇ | *terzvajego |
| dative | *terzvujemu | *terzvěji | *terzvujemu |
| accusative | *terzvъjь | *terzvǫjǫ | *terzvoje |
| instrumental | *terzvyjimь | *terzvǫjǫ | *terzvyjimь |
| locative | *terzvějemь | *terzvěji | *terzvějemь |
| vocative | *terzvъjь | *terzvaja | *terzvoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *terzvaja | *terzvěji | *terzvěji |
| genitive | *terzvuju | *terzvuju | *terzvuju |
| dative | *terzvyjima | *terzvyjima | *terzvyjima |
| accusative | *terzvaja | *terzvěji | *terzvěji |
| instrumental | *terzvyjima | *terzvyjima | *terzvyjima |
| locative | *terzvuju | *terzvuju | *terzvuju |
| vocative | *terzvaja | *terzvěji | *terzvěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *terzviji | *terzvyję̇ | *terzvaja |
| genitive | *terzvъjixъ | *terzvъjixъ | *terzvъjixъ |
| dative | *terzvyjimъ | *terzvyjimъ | *terzvyjimъ |
| accusative | *terzvyję̇ | *terzvyję̇ | *terzvaja |
| instrumental | *terzvyjimi | *terzvyjimi | *terzvyjimi |
| locative | *terzvyjixъ | *terzvyjixъ | *terzvyjixъ |
| vocative | *terzviji | *terzvyję̇ | *terzvaja |
Derived terms
- *terzvěti (“to become sober”)
- *terzvьněti (“to get sober”)
- *jьzterzvьněti (“to sober up”)
- *oterzvьněti (“to come to one's sense”)
- *terzvostь (“soberness”)
- *terzvьnъ (“sober”)
- *terzvьnikъ (“teetotaller, abstainer from alcohol”)
- *terzvьnostь (“sobriety”)
Descendants
- East Slavic: терезвъ (terezvŭ), тверезъ (tverezŭ) (metathesised)
- South Slavic:
From *terzvьnъ:
- South Slavic:
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тре́звый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “терезвый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress