Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ters-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ters-^[1]^[2]^[3]

dry

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ters- (54 c, 0 e)

*térs-e-tor (deponent thematic root present)^[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *þersaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: τέρσομαι (térsomai)

*tors-éye-ti (eye-causative)

*tr̥s-eh₁(ye)-ti (eh₁-stative)^[1]^[4]
- Proto-Germanic:
  - Old High German: dorrēn
- Proto-Italic: *torzēō
  - Latin: torrēns (see there for further descendants)

*tr̥s-yé-ti (ye-present)

*tḗrs ~ *térs^[5]^[6]
- Proto-Celtic: *tīros (see there for further descendants)

*ters-eh₂^[5]
- Proto-Italic: *terzā (see there for further descendants)

*ters-kʷo-
- Proto-Celtic: *terskos
  - Old Irish: terc
    - Irish: tearc
- >? Latin: *te(r)skʷom
  - Latin: tesquum, tescum

*térs-ti-s ~ *tr̥s-téy-s
- Proto-Germanic: *þurstiz (see there for further descendants)

*térs-tu-s ~ *tr̥s-téw-s
- Proto-Celtic: *tartus (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *þurstuz (see there for further descendants)

*térs-u-s ~ *tr̥s-éw-s
- Proto-Celtic:
  - Old Irish: tur
- Proto-Germanic: *þursuz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *táršuš
  - Proto-Iranian: *táršuš
    - Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬎 (taršu)
    - Middle Persian: tšknk'^[7]
    - →? Old Armenian: թաշկինակ (tʻaškinak)^[7]

*tr̥s-ḱó-s
- Proto-Germanic: *þurskaz (“cod”) (see there for further descendants)

*tr̥s-nó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tŕ̥šnas (see there for further descendants)

*tr̥s-ós (“flat surface for drying food”)^[8]
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Middle Armenian: թառ (tʻaṙ) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *þarzṓ
  - Old High German: darra (“apparatus for drying fruits, etc.”)
    - Middle High German: darre
      - >? Cimbrian: dèrra
      - German: Darre
  - Old Norse:
    - Norwegian: tarre (“frame for drying malts, etc.”)
    - Swedish: tarre
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - >? Ancient Greek: ταρσός (tarsós, “cheese hurdle; flat surface, board, blade, sole, palm”)
- Proto-Italic:
  - >? Latin: torrus

*tr̥s-tó-s

Unsorted formations

Proto-Albanian: *tarsja^[9]
- Albanian: ter
Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: թառամ (tʻaṙam), թարշամ- (tʻaršam-)
>? Proto-Slavic: *tersvъ
- Proto-Slavic: *terzvъ

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 637-638
^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ters-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1078-1079
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “torreō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 624-625
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “terra”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 616
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 379–380
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999), The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 247
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ταρσός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1453–1454
^ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997), “ter”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 384

[LIV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 637-638

[2] Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ters-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1078-1079

[4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “torreō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 624-625

[EDL-5] 5.0 ^5.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “terra”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 616

[6] Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 379–380

[Olsen-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999), The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 247

[8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ταρσός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1453–1454

[9] Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997), “ter”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 384

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