λίπος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“fat substance”). Stem λῐπ- (lip-), λῐπο- (lipo-), λῐπᾰρ- (lipar-, “fat”). Different from λῐπ- (lip-, “wanting”) of the aorist ἔλῐπον (élipon) of the verb λείπω (leípō, “leave; lack”). Different from λῑπᾰρ- (līpar-) from λίπτω (líptō, “desire”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lí.pos/ → /ˈli.pos/ → /ˈli.pos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lí.pos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈli.pos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈli.pos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈli.pos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈli.pos/

Noun

λίπος • (lípos) n (genitive λίπους); third declension

1. animal fat, lard, tallow

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ λῐ́πος; τοῦ λῐ́πους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ λῐ́πος tò lípos	τὼ λῐ́πει tṑ lípei	τᾰ̀ λῐ́πη tà lípē
Genitive	τοῦ λῐ́πους toû lípous	τοῖν λῐποῖν toîn lipoîn	τῶν λῐπῶν tôn lipôn
Dative	τῷ λῐ́πει tôi lípei	τοῖν λῐποῖν toîn lipoîn	τοῖς λῐ́πεσῐ / λῐ́πεσῐν toîs lípesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ λῐ́πος tò lípos	τὼ λῐ́πει tṑ lípei	τᾰ̀ λῐ́πη tà lípē
Vocative	λῐ́πος lípos	λῐ́πει lípei	λῐ́πη lípē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

Stem λῐπ- or λῐπᾰρ- (sense: fat).

Related terms

• ᾰ̓κρολῐ́πᾰρος (akrolíparos, “fat on the surface”)
• ἀλῐ́παντος (alípantos, “without grease”)
• ἀλῐπαρής (aliparḗs, “not fit for a suppliant”)
• ἀλῐπής (alipḗs, “without fat meagre”) (for sense: fat)
• ᾰ̓πολῐπαίνω (apolipaínō, “I oil”)
• ᾰ̓ρχολῐ́πᾰρος (arkholíparos, “grasping at office”)
• ἐκλῐπαίνομαι (eklipaínomai, “be enriched, fertilized”)
• ἐκλῐπαίνω (eklipaínō, “make smooth as oil”)
• ἔλλῐπος (éllipos, “greasy”)
• ἐπῐλῐπαίνω (epilipaínō, “make fat or sleek”)
• ἐπῐλῐπής (epilipḗs, “fatty”) (for sense: fat)
• εὐλῐπής (eulipḗs, “very fat”)
• κᾰτᾰλῐπαίνω (katalipaínō, “make very fat”)
• κᾰτᾰλῐ́πᾰρος (katalíparos, “very greasy”)

• λῐπο-, λῐπό-, λῐπ-
• λῐ́πᾰ (lípa, “richly with oil”, adverb)
• λῐπαίνω (lipaínō, “oil, anoint; glisten”)
• λῐ́πανσῐς f (lípansis, “anointing”)
• λῐπαντέον (lipantéon, “one must anoint”)
• λῐπαντικός (lipantikós, “of anointing”)
• λῐπᾰράμπυξ (liparámpux, “with bright fillet or headband”)
• λῐπᾰραυγής (liparaugḗs, “bright-beaming”)
• λῐπᾰρῐ́ᾱ (liparíā) (for sense: fat)
• λῐπᾰρόζωνος (liparózōnos, “bright-girdled”)
• λῐπᾰρόθρονος (liparóthronos, “bright-throned”)
• λῐπᾰρόμμᾰτος (liparómmatos, “lustrous-eyed”)
• λῐπᾰροπλόκᾰμος (liparoplókamos, “with glossy locks”)
• λῐπᾰροποιέω (liparopoiéō, “κᾰτᾰλῐπαίνω, make very fat”)
• λῐπᾰρός (liparós, “oily, shiny, brilliamt; fatty, greasy”)
• λῐπᾰρότης f (liparótēs, “fattiness; brilliancy”)
• λῐπᾰρότροφος (liparótrophos, “richly fed”)
• λῐπᾰρόχροος (liparókhroos, “with shining sleek skin”), λῐπᾰρόχρως
• λῐπᾰρώψ (liparṓps, “bright-looking”)
• λῐ́πας n (lípas, “λίπος, fat”)
• λῐ́πασμα n (lípasma, “greasy, fattening substance”)
• λῐπασμός m (lipasmós, “anointing”)
• λῐπάω (lipáō, “to be sleek, radiant; anoint”)
• λῐπέλαιον n (lipélaion, “pinguis olivi, olives rich in oil”)
• λῐπότης f (lipótēs, “fatness”)
• λῐπώδης (lipṓdēs, “fatty, oily”)

• ναρδολῐπής (nardolipḗs, “anointed with nard-oil,”)
• ὀξῠλῐ́πᾰρος (oxulíparos, “vinegar and oil”)
• ὀξῠλῐπὴς (oxulipḕs, “dressed with vinegar and fat”)
• περῐλῐ́πᾰρος (perilíparos, “very moist and shiny”)
• προλῐπαίνω (prolipaínō, “anoint beforehand”)
• προσεπῐλῐπαίνω (prosepilipaínō, “enrich yet more”)
• προσλῐπαίνω (proslipaínō, “enrich further”)
• σῠλλῐπαίνομαι (sullipaínomai, “be melted together”)
• ῠ̔πολῐπαίνω (hupolipaínō, “anoint a little”)
• ῠ̔πολίπᾰρος (hupolíparos, “rather fat”)

Descendants

• Greek: λίπος (lípos)

Further reading

• “λίπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “λίπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• λίπος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • fat idem, page 309.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

---

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λίπος. For sense substance with fat, Semantic loan from French graisse or English fat. See stem λιπ- for sense: “fat”. Different from λιπ- for sense: “wanting” (as in ελλιπής).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈli.pos/
• Hyphenation: λί‧πος

Noun

λίπος • (lípos) n (plural λίπη)

1. fat, tallow

Declension

Declension of λίπος

	singular	plural
nominative	λίπος •	λίπη •
genitive	λίπους •	λιπών •
accusative	λίπος •	λίπη •
vocative	λίπος •	λίπη •

Derived terms

• ακόρεστα λίπη n pl (akóresta lípi, “unsaturated fat”)
• ζωικά λίπη n pl (zoïká lípi, “animal fat”)
• κεκορσεμένα λίπη n pl (kekorseména lípi, “saturated fat”)
• μαγειρικά λίπη n pl (mageiriká lípi, “cooking fat”)
• φυτικά λίπη n pl (fytiká lípi, “vegetable fat”)

 

Related terms

• λιπώδης ιστός m (lipódis istós, “adipose tissue”)
• ινολίπωμα n (inolípoma, “adipose neoplasm”)
• λιπαίνω (lipaíno, “lubricate”)
• λιπαρό οξύ n (liparó oxý, “fatty acid”)
• λιπαρός (liparós, “oily, fatty”)
• λιπαρότητα f (liparótita, “fattiness, adipocity”)
• λίπασμα n (lípasma, “fertilizer”)
• λιπίδιο n (lipídio, “lipid”)
• λιπώδης (lipódis, “adipose, fatty”)
• λίπωμα n (lípoma, “lipoma”)
• συλλίπασμα n (syllípasma, “flux”)
• and see: λιπαίνω (lipaíno, “to lubricate”)

 

Further reading

• λίπος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el