Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zijati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *zьjati

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źiāˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₁i-eh₂- (“to gape, be wide open”). Cognates include Lithuanian žióti, Latin hiō, Ancient Greek χάσκω (kháskō), Tocharian A śew, Tocharian B kāyā, Sanskrit विजिहीते (vijihīte), and Proto-Germanic *gīnaną, *ganōną (English yawn).

Verb

*zijati

1. to gape, to be wide open

Inflection

Conjugation of *zijati, *zija, *zějetь (?, -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*zijanьje	*zijati	*zijatъ	*zijalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*zijanъ	*zějemъ
Active	*zijavъ	*zěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*zijaxъ	*zija	*zija	*zějǫ	*zěješi	*zějetь
Dual	*zijaxově	*zijasta	*zijaste	*zějevě	*zějeta	*zějete
Plural	*zijaxomъ	*zijaste	*zijašę	*zějemъ	*zějete	*zějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*zijaaxъ	*zijaaše	*zijaaše	—	*zěji	*zěji
Dual	*zijaaxově	*zijaašeta	*zijaašete	*zějivě	*zějita	—
Plural	*zijaaxomъ	*zijaašete	*zijaaxǫ	*zějimъ	*zějite	—

Related terms

• *zěvàti (“to yawn”)

• *zìnǫti (“to gape”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: зия́ть (zijátʹ), 1sg. зия́ю (zijáju)
  • Ukrainian: зя́яти (zjájaty), зія́ти (zijáty)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: зиꙗти (zijati), 1sg. зѣѭ (zějǫ), 1sg. зиꙗѭ (zijajǫ)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: зе́я (zéja), 2sg. зе́еш (zéeš)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: зијати, 1sg. зијам

    Latin: zìjati, 1sg. zìjām; zjȁti, 1sg. zjȃm

    • Chakavian : zìjati, 1sg. zìjan
  • Slovene: zijáti (tonal orthography), 1sg. zijȃm, zȋjem (tonal orthography); zȋjati (tonal orthography), 1sg. zȋjam (tonal orthography)

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: zieti, 1sg. zeju
    • Czech: zet/zát, 3pl. zejí
  • Polish: ziać (“exhale”), 1sg. zieję

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 544
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зиять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress