սմբուկ

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Armenian

Սմբուկ

Etymology

Unattested in Old or Middle Armenian. Several dictionaries list սմբուկ (smbuk) as a dialectal word,[1][2][3][4] but Ačaṙyan is unable to identify it in any dialect.[5] However, the word is in fact recorded in Istanbul, Diyarbakır, Sivas, Palu and Çarsancak.[6][7] Note also Süveydiye dialect սմպըկ (smpək), սմբըկ (smbək) referring to a kind of edible greens equivalent to Turkish almacık dikeni.[8][9]

The origin is unknown.[10]

Ačaṙyan derives from Arabic أَنَب (anab, “eggplant”) +‎ -ուկ (-uk), via a form *ամբուկ (*ambuk), wherein ա (a) was then confused with similar-looking ս (s).[5] But because the word is dialectal, such a literary confusion is unlikely.

Perhaps from an assumed root *սում(բ)- (*sum(b)-, “smooth; shaven”) or the like +‎ -ուկ (-uk), thus "the smooth one", referring to the smooth, glossy surface of the eggplant fruit, which root may also be contained in dialectal սմբուլ (smbul, “polished, smooth”),[11] սմպատ (smpat, “having a smooth head”),[12] սմպըլիկ (smpəlik, “having a shaven head”),[13] սմբըլիկ (smbəlik, “leafless”),[14] սնուկ (snuk, “very smooth”),[15] սըն-եցնել (sən-ecʻnel, “to smooth, polish”)[16] and the uncertain given name Սմպուկս (Smpuks)[17]. The -բ- (-b-) after -մ- (-m-) may be epenthetic in dialects: compare the examples given in Martirosyan 2010[18]. This assumed root may be borrowed from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *saH- (“to whet, cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”), whence Baluchi سای- (sāy-, “to shave”), Central Kurdish سوون (sûn, “to whet, sharpen”), Gazi [script needed] (sǖn-, “to rub, shave off”), Persian ساد (sâd, “smooth, plane”), Sarikoli suδγ (“flat, smooth (surface)”), Persian سان (sân, “whetstone”), Central Kurdish ھەسان (hesan, “whetstone”), and according to Horn also Classical Persian سنباده (sumbāde, “whetstone”),[19] to which the Iranian borrowing սմպատակ (smpatak, “touchstone”) is related (J̌ahukyan considers -ատակ (-atak) in the latter an Iranian suffix, as in յիշատակ (yišatak))[20]. For the Iranian root see Cheung,[21] without the Armenian. Compare also Zazaki sımıltkun (“hairless, smooth”)[22].

Typologically compare Arabic كُوسَا (kūsā, “zucchini, courgette”, literally “smooth, beardless”). For another figurative usage in the dialects compare լոլիկ (lolik, “tomato”, literally “the round one”).

Pronunciation

Noun

սմբուկ • (smbuk)

  1. (somewhat formal) eggplant, aubergine, Solanum melongena[23]
    Synonym: բադրիջան (badriǰan)

Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative սմբուկ (smbuk) սմբուկներ (smbukner)
dative սմբուկի (smbuki) սմբուկների (smbukneri)
ablative սմբուկից (smbukicʻ) սմբուկներից (smbuknericʻ)
instrumental սմբուկով (smbukov) սմբուկներով (smbuknerov)
locative սմբուկում (smbukum) սմբուկներում (smbuknerum)
definite forms
nominative սմբուկը/սմբուկն (smbukə/smbukn) սմբուկները/սմբուկներն (smbuknerə/smbuknern)
dative սմբուկին (smbukin) սմբուկներին (smbuknerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative սմբուկս (smbuks) սմբուկներս (smbukners)
dative սմբուկիս (smbukis) սմբուկներիս (smbukneris)
ablative սմբուկիցս (smbukicʻs) սմբուկներիցս (smbuknericʻs)
instrumental սմբուկովս (smbukovs) սմբուկներովս (smbuknerovs)
locative սմբուկումս (smbukums) սմբուկներումս (smbuknerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative սմբուկդ (smbukd) սմբուկներդ (smbuknerd)
dative սմբուկիդ (smbukid) սմբուկներիդ (smbuknerid)
ablative սմբուկիցդ (smbukicʻd) սմբուկներիցդ (smbuknericʻd)
instrumental սմբուկովդ (smbukovd) սմբուկներովդ (smbuknerovd)
locative սմբուկումդ (smbukumd) սմբուկներումդ (smbuknerumd)

References

  1. ^ Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “պաթինկեան”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 404a
  2. ^ Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (1882–1884) “aubergine”, in Baṙagirkʻ i gałłierēn lezuē i hayerēn, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian Press, page 107b
  3. ^ Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “սմբուկ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 2776, page 571
  4. ^ Ayvazean, Tigran (1899) “սմբուկ”, in Baṙanmoyš (in Armenian), Constantinople: Y. Mattʻēosean Press, page 32a
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “սմբուկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 234ab
  6. ^ Bdoyan, V. H. (1972) Erkragorcakan mšakuytʻə Hayastanum‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 118b
  7. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբուկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  8. ^ Andreasyan, Tigran (1975) Svediayi barbaṙə (kʻistʻinəgi lezun) (Hayereni barbaṙner; 11)‎[2] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 158
  9. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպըկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367b
  10. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “սմբուկ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 685b
  11. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբուլ³”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  12. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպատ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  13. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպըլիկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367b
  14. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբըլիկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 366b
  15. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սնուկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 372a
  16. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սընեցնել”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 320a
  17. ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1948) “Սմպուկս”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran (Erewani petakan hamalsaran. Gitakan ašxatutʻyunner; 26) (in Armenian), volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 564
  18. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 37, 437, 442
  19. ^ Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 153, footnote 1
  20. ^ Djahukian, G. B. (1993) “The Armenian Suffixes of Iranian Origin”, in Bela Brogyanyi and Reiner Lipp, editors, Comparative-historical linguistics: Indo-European and Finno-Ugric. Papers in honor of Oswald Szemerényi III (Current issues in linguistic theory; 79), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins, page 262
  21. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 325—326
  22. ^ Yılmaz, Abdurrahman (2015) “sımıltkun”, in Zazaca-Türkçe Sözlük (Genç-Bingöl Yöresi)‎[3], Master's thesis, Bingöl: Bingöl Üniversitesi, page 134b
  23. ^ Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “բադրիջան”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran, Yerevan: University Press, § 125, page 15a
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