undecim

Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

[a], [b] ←  10	XI 11	12  →
Cardinal: ūndecim     Ordinal: ūndecimus     Adverbial: ūndeciēs, ūndeciēns     Proportional: ūndecuplus, ūndecemplus, ūndecimplus     Multiplier: ūndecemplex, ūndecuplex, ūndecimplex     Distributive: ūndēnus     Fractional: ūndecimus

Alternative forms

• Symbol: XI

Etymology

From earlier *oinodecem, from Proto-Indo-European *óynom déḱm̥t, corresponding to ūnus (“one”) + decem (“ten”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈuːn.de.kim/, [ˈuːn̪d̪ɛkɪ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈun.de.t͡ʃim/, [ˈun̪d̪et͡ʃim]

Numeral

ūndecim (indeclinable)

1. eleven; 11
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 27:

     ubi et ipse Cn. Fuluius cum undecim tribunis militum cecidit

     It was here that Cn. Fulvius fell together with eleven military tribunes.

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Actus Apostolorum.2.22:

     stans autem Petrus cum undecim levavit vocem suam et locutus est eis viri iudaei et qui habitatis Hierusalem universi hoc vobis notum sit et auribus percipite verba mea

     But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words:

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • jonco
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: ondeci, ondici, undeci, undici
  • Italian: undici
  • Sicilian: ùnnici
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: undis
  • Istriot: ondaze
  • Ladin: undesc
  • Lombard: undes, vundes
    • →? Piedmontese: ondes, undes
  • Piedmontese: onze, unze
  • Romansch: indesch
  • Venetian: undexe
• Gallo-Romance:
  • French: onze
  • Walloon: onze
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Aragonese: once
  • Catalan: onze
  • Occitan: onze
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: once
  • Galician: once
  • Portuguese: onze
  • Spanish: once
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: undighi

See also

• Appendix:Latin cardinal numbers

References

• “undecim”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “undecim”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• undecim in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.